African Americans in Baltimore
Provident Hospital nursing staff (left to right: Doris Savoy Harris, Geneva Madden, Mable Vessels Hawkins, Mary Smith Pock, Anna Johnson Gibson, Ada Vessells Veney, unknown, Lillian Brown Mills and Edith Fields), Baltimore, c. 1929 Freedom Records (also called Manumissions) for Baltimore City are available online via digitized microfilm here: Baltimore City Freedom Records.
The "Coleman Directories" were Baltimore business directories produced specifically for Black residents. They contained listings by type of business, but also essays and advertisements for various groups and services. Click each year below for the scanned directory:
| 1913 | 1914 | 1916 | 1917 | 1918 | 1919 | 1920 |
| 1921 | 1922 | 1923 | 1925 | 1927 | 1928 | 1929 |
| 1929-30 | 1930 | 1931 | 1932 | 1933 | 1934 | 1935 |
| 1936 | 1937 | 1938 | 1939 | 1940 | 1941 | 1942 |
| 1943 | 1944 | 1945 |
Secondary Sources
The Maryland State Archives (MSA) has put together an excellent overview of African Americans in Baltimore: From Frederick Douglass to Thurgood Marshall: Black Baltimore in Transition. The MSA's Legacy of Slavery in Maryland website also presents a wealth of information.
Dean Krimmel, Anita Kassof, and Richard Longstreth compiled a bibliography of relevant resources entitled The African-American Experience in Baltimore and Maryland.
