CHRONOLOGLCAL EVENTS. 135

1535,—Jacques Quartier, a French mariner,
wintered in Canada, made an alliance with
some tribe of Indians, and built a fort,

In 1542,—The same officer with five vessels,
fitted out by Francis I. arrived at Cape
Breton where the emigrants established
themselves. These settlements were but
transient.

1578—Eighty years were suffered to elapse
after the discovery of this part of America
by the English navigators, before any plan
for making a settlement was undertaken
in that country. At length Queen Eliza-
zabeth granted letters patent to an enter-
prising gentleman of Devonshire, Sir Hum-
phrey Gilbert, for this purpose, granting
him and his heirs forever, the land to be
discovered and possessed, with the rights,
royalties and jurisdiction within said lands,
and the seas adjoining, with free power
to dispose thereof, according to the laws
of England, paying to the Queen of whom
he held in honor, one fifth part of all the
ore of gold and silver which should at any
time there be obtained. She declares the
country so to be discovered, to be under
the allegiance and protection of the Crown
ef England; and that the persons to inhabit
them should enjoy the privilege of free
denizens and natives of England. To sir
Humphrey and his heirs and assigns, she
granted forever full power and authority to