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cubbin (1709-1784), of Annapolis, a merchant.
PRIVATE CAREER. EDUCATION: received medical
training in Great Britain before immigration. RELI-
GIOUS AFFILIATION: Catholic in early life, became
an Anglican; member of St. Anne's Church, An-
napolis. His will stated: "I declare that I am in
communion with the Church of England." OCCU-
PATIONAL PROFILE: physician; practiced medicine
in Annapolis for several years after immigration,
then turned to mercantile activity. Traded with
merchants in Barbados; owned a shipyard on the
Patapsco River, which built ships that were sold in
England; experimented in the manufacturing of
hemp. He owned and operated iron furnaces in
Baltimore County, and was one of the five found-
ing partners of the Baltimore Ironworks Com-
pany, established in 1731. Acted for many years as
the manager of the Baltimore Ironworks negotiat-
ing with contractors and workmen. Tension and
bickering between the partners was detrimental to
the project, and other partners accused Carroll of
profiting at their expense. Land speculator; finan-
cier; planter. PUBLIC CAREER. LEGISLATIVE SER-
VICE: Lower House, Annapolis, 1738 (Laws; Ag-
grievances), Anne Arundel County, 1739-1741
(Laws Cv-3; Aggrievances Cv-3), 1742-1744
(Laws 1, 2; Aggrievances 1, 2), 1745 (Laws; Ag-
grievances), 1745/46-1748 (Laws Cv 1, 1-3, 4;
Aggrievances Cv 1, 1-3, 4), 1749-1751 (Laws Cv-
3; Aggrievances Cv-3), 1751-1754 (Laws 1-6;
Grievances 1-6), 1754-1755 (Laws 1-3; Griev-
ances 1-3; died before the 4th session). OTHER
PROVINCIAL OFFICE: agent to provision 500 men
for an expedition against the Spanish Indies, ap-
pointed under the first Supply Act in July of 1740.
LOCAL OFFICES: churchwarden, St. Anne's Parish,
Anne Arundel County, in office 1739-1740; St.
Anne's Parish Vestry, Anne Arundel County,
1740-1743, 1748-1751. STANDS ON PUBLIC/PRI-
VATE ISSUES quoted as saying in 1751, "Planting
will not do without some other Business or Profes-
sions." Believed that the British government
should aid American industry with subsidies to
stimulate the development of its resources. He was
particularly interested in the iron industry, and in
1733 wrote a memorandum for the directors of the
Baltimore Ironworks Company describing how
Parliament should encourage that industry, most
specifically by lowering the tariffs on bar iron ex-
ported from America. Traveled to London in
1734-1735 in a futile attempt to gain support on
this issue. Also traveled widely through the back
country of Maryland, Virginia, and Pennsylvania,
and favored the development of Maryland's west-
ern lands. WEALTH DURING LIFETIME. PERSONAL
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PROPERTY: owned 2 warehouses on the dock in
Annapolis, which were destroyed by fire in 1746.
Valued his estate at £13,000.0.0 sterling (including
land, slaves, and loans that were predominately
bonds and mortgages, which totaled £818.0.0 ster-
ling and £4,000.0.0 current money), 1754. A mod-
ern historian points out that Carroll usually sur-
passed his anticipated profit of 400 percent on
speculative land transactions, yet he sometimes
lacked cash and was forced to borrow. LAND AT
FIRST ELECTION: 6,632 acres in Baltimore, Prince
George's, Frederick, and Anne Arundel counties,
plus 10 lots in Annapolis (all by personal acquisi-
tion and remaining from a total of 11,202 acres in
Baltimore County and 200 acres in Frederick
County patented between 1720 and 1738). SIGNIFI-
CANT CHANGES IN LAND BETWEEN FIRST ELEC-
TION AND DEATH: patented an additional 8,567
acres in Baltimore County in the 1740s and 568
acres there in the 1750s, plus 181 acres in Anne
Arundel County in the 1750s. By a deed in 1751
(but originally agreed upon in 1746), Carroll sold
8,200 acres in Baltimore County. He then turned
his attention to Frederick County, where he pa-
tented over 28,000 acres in the 1750s. According
to a modern study of his speculation in western
Maryland lands, Carroll took out warrants or pa-
tents in his name and immediately resold them to
men who had neither the benefits of his efficient
messenger service between Annapolis and the
Frederick County Land Office nor the agents to
take care of the surveying and paperwork in Fred-
erick County. Between 1730 and 1755 he obtained
warrants on 91 tracts in Frederick County totaling
31,529 acres, patented 83 tracts there totaling
28,480 acres, and bought 13 tracts in Frederick
County totaling 3,049 acres. He sold 57 of these
tracts, totaling 22,781 acres. WEALTH AT DEATH.
DIED: on September 29, 1755, at his home in An-
napolis. PERSONAL PROPERTY: stated in his will
that his debts were few. LAND: probably at least
15,000 acres in Anne Arundel, Prince George's,
Baltimore, and Frederick counties, plus 11 lots in
Annapolis.
CARROLL, CHARLES, SR. (1702-1782) BORN
on April 2, 1702, in Annapolis, Anne Arundel
County; second surviving son. NATIVE: second
generation. RESIDED: in Annapolis and at
"Doughoregan Manor," Anne Arundel County.
FAMILY BACKGROUND. FATHER: Charles Carroll
(1660-1720), of Annapolis, who immigrated in
1688 as attorney general of Maryland. MOTHER:
Mary (1678-1742), daughter of Col. Henry Dar-
nall (ca. 1645-1711) and wife Eleanor Hatton
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