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as herein provided, shall thereby, by adoption, be and be-
come a part of the Constitution of Maryland:
ARTICLE 11-E
MUNICIPAL CORPORATIONS
Section 1. Except as provided elsewhere in this Article,
the General Assembly shall not pass any law relating to
the incorporation, organization, government, or affairs of
those municipal corporations which are not authorized by
Article 11-A of the Constitution to have a charter form
of government which will be special or local in its terms
or in its effect, but the General Assembly shall act in rela-
tion to the incorporation, organization, government, or af-
fairs of any such municipal corporation only by general
laws which shall in their terms and in their effect apply alike
to all municipal corporations in one or more of the classes
provided for in Section 2 of this Article. It shall be the duty
of the General Assembly to provide by law the method by
which new municipal corporations shall be formed.
Section 2. The General Assembly, by law, shall classify all
such municipal corporations by grouping them into not more
than four classes based on population as determined by the
most recent census made under the authority of the United
States or the State of Maryland. No more than one such
grouping of municipal corporations into four (or fewer)
classes shall be in effect at any time, and the enactment of
any such grouping of municipal corporations into four (or
fewer) classes shall repeal any such grouping of municipal
corporations into four (or fewer) classes then in effect.
Municipal corporations shall be classified only as provided
in this section and not otherwise.
Section 8. Any such municipal corporation, now existing
or hereafter created, shall have the power and authority, (a)
to amend or repeal an existing charter or local laws relat-
ing to the incorporation, organization, government, or af-
fairs of said municipal corporation heretofore enacted by
the General Assembly of Maryland, and (b) to adopt a
new charter, and to amend or repeal any charter adopted
under the provisions of this Article.
Section 4. The adoption of a new charter, the amendment
of any charter or local laws, or the repeal of any part of
a charter or local laws shall be proposed either by a resolu-
tion of the legislative body of any such municipal corpora-
tion or by a petition containing the signatures of at least five
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