Article 1. That all Government of right ongmates from
the People, is founded in compact only, and instituted solely
for the good of the whole, and they have, at all times, the
inalienable nght to alter, reform or abolish their Form of
Government in such manner as they may deem expedient

Art 2. The Constitution of the United States, and the
Laws made, or which shall be made, in pursuance thereof,
and all Treaties made, or which shall be made, under the
authority of the United States, are, and shall be the
Supreme Law of the State, and the Judges of this State,
and all the People of this State, are, and shall be bound
thereby, anything in the Constitution or Law of this State
to the contrary notwithstanding

Art. 3. The powers not delegated to the United States
by the Constitution thereof, nor prohibited by it to the
States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the
people thereof

Art. 4. That the People of this State have the sole and
exclusive right of regulating the internal government and
police thereof, as a free, sovereign and independent State

Art. 5. That the Inhabitants of Maryland are entitled to
the Common Law of England, and the trial by Jury, accord
ing to the course of that Law, and to the benefit of such of
the English statutes as existed on the Fourth day of July
seventeen hundred and seventy six, and which, by ex
penence, have been found applicable to their local and other
circumstances, and have been introduced, used and practiced
by the Courts of Law or Equity, and also of all Acts of
Assembly in force on the first day of June, eighteen hundred
and sixty seven, except such as may have since expired, or
may be inconsistent with the provisions of this Constitution,
subject, nevertheless, to the revision of, and amendment or
repeal by, the Legislature of this State And the Inhabitants
of Maryland are also entitled to all property denved to them
from, or under the Charter granted by His Majesty Charles
the First to Cascilius Calvert, Baron of Baltimore

Art. 6 That all persons invested with the Legislative
or Executive powers of Government are the Trustees of the
Public, and, as such, accountable for their conduct
Wherefore, whenever the ends of Government are per-
verted, and public liberty manifestly endangered, and all
other means of redress are ineffectual, the People may, and
of nght ought, to reform the old, or establish a new
Government, the doctrine of non resistance against ar

binary power and oppression is absurd, slavish and destruc
tive of the good and happiness of mankind

Art. 7.² That the nght of the People to participate in
the Legislature is the best security of liberty and the
foundation of all free Government, for this purpose, elec-
tions ought to be free and frequent, and every citizen
having the qualifications prescribed by the Constitution,
ought to have the nght of suffrage

Art 8 That the Legislative, Executive and Judicial
powers of Government ought to be forever separate and
distinct from each other, and no person exercising the
functions of one of said Departments shall assume or
discharge the duties of any other

Art. 9. That no power of suspending Laws or the
execution of Laws, unless by, or denved from the Legisia
ture, ought to be exercised, or allowed

Art. 10. That freedom of speech and debate, or
proceedings in the Legislature, ought not to be impeached
in any Court of Judicature

Art. 11. That Annapolis be the place of meeting of the
Legislature, and the Legislature ought not to be convened,
or held at any other place but from evident necessity

Art 12. That for redress ofgnevances, and for amend
ing, strengthening and preserving the Laws, the Legisia
ture ought to be frequently convened

Art. 13. That every man hath a nght to petition the
Legislature for the redress ofgnevances in a peaceable and
orderly manner

Art. 14. That no aid, charge, tax, burthen or fees ought
to be rated or levied, under any pretense, without the
consent of the Legislature

Art. IS.³ That the levying of taxes by the poll is gnevous
and oppressive, and ought to be prohibited, that paupers
ought not to be assessed for the support of the government,
that the General Assembly shall, by uniform rules, provide
for the separate assessment, classification and sub classifies
tion of land, improvements on land and personal property,
as it may deem proper, and all taxes thereafter provided to
be levied by the State for the support of the general State
Government, and by the Counties and by the City of
Baltimore for their respective purposes, shall be uniform
within each class or sub class of land, improvements on land