In 1498, when John Cabot, a man of Italian birth em-
ployed by the English, coasted along the Atlantic seacoast,
he became, in all probability, the first white man to see
Maryland—the eastern shore of Worcester County was
what he saw. Twenty-six years later Giovanni Verazzini,
another Italian working for French interests, passed the
mouth of Chesapeake Bay. For a half-century after that
the Bay had no explorers. Virginia colonists have the
credit of this "discovery"; in 1603 Captain Bartholomew
Gilbert made entrance for more careful exploration. But
the great explorer who saw many other parts of North
America, as well, was the intrepid Captain John Smith. In
1608 he began to carry out the instruction of the London
Virginia Company to "find some spring which runs the
contrary way toward the East India sea". With fourteen
companions in "an open barge of two tunnes burden". Smith
started up the Chesapeake. Every inlet and bay "fit for
harbours and habitations" was entered, and all the islands
were inspected. The results were incorporated in what
Smith called "A Map of Virginia", published in England in
1612. Reprinted many times shortly thereafter, the map
shows that Smith's voyagers paid close attention to the
Eastern Shore, examined the Potomac carefully, but had a
hazy idea of the western head of the Bay and a generalized
notion only of the lower Western Shore. Until Lord Balti-
more in 1670 authorized as cartographer Augustine Her-
man, a Bohemian living in the New Netherlands Colony,
most knowledge of Maryland came from John Smith's
map and narrative..

Aborigines.

It is to Smith, also, that we owe our first knowledge of
the pre-European settlers on the land of what was later
Maryland. Smith's account is bewildering with Indian
names; one soon recognizes the adaptations of these same
queer-sounding names in present-day Maryland. The Vir-
ginia explorer speaks of Yingoteagues, Assateagues, Ma-
rumscos, Annamesses, Wiccomicos, Nanticokes, Conoys,
Trasquakins, Choptanks, Monoponsons, Matapeakes, Ozin-
ies, Tockwoghes, Nattwas, Susquehannocks, Conestogas,
Piscattaways, Chopticos, Mattawomans, Patuxents, Aqua-
socks, Seccowomocos, and others. Despite this multiplicity
of names, these Indians were all of Algonquin stock, save
for the Susquehannocks at the headwaters of the Bay and.

11.