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in real or personal property; yet fines, duties or taxes may
properly and justly be imposed or laid, with a political view,
for the good government and benefit of the community.

Art. 16. That sanguinary laws ought to be avoided as far
as it is consistent with the safety of the State; and no law
to inflict cruel and unusual pains and penalties ought to be
made in any case or at any time hereafter.

Art. 17. That retrospective laws, punishing acts committed
before the existence of such laws, and by them only declared
criminal are oppressive, unjust and incompatible with liber-
ty; wherefore, no expost facto law ought to be made.

Art. 18. That no law to attaint particular persons of trea-
son or felony ought to be made in any case, or at any time,
hereafter.

Art. 19. That every man, for any injury done to him in
his person or property, ought to have remedy by the course
of the law of the land, and ought to have justice and right,
freely without sale, fully without any denial, and speedily
without delay, according to the law of the land..

Ar. 20. That the trial of facts where they arise, is one of
the greatest securities of the lives, liberties, and estate of the
people.

Art. 21. That in all criminal prosecutions, every man hath
a right to be informed of the accusation against him; to have
a copy of the indictment or charge, in due time (if required)
to prepare for his defence; to be allowed counsel; to be con-
fronted with the witnesses against him; to have process for
his witnesses, to examine the witnesses for and against him
on oath, and to a speedy trial by an impartial jury, with-
out whose unanimous consent he ought not to be found
guilty.

Art. 22. That no man ought to be compelled to give evi-
dence against himself in a criminal case.

Art. 23. That no man ought, to be taken or imprisoned, or
disseized of his freehold, liberties or privileges, or outlawed,
or exiled, or in any manner destroyed, or deprived of his
life, liberty or property, but by the judgment of his^eers, or
by the law of the land.

Art. 24. That hereafter, in this State, there shall be nei-
ther slavery nor involuntary servitude, except in punishment
of crime, whereof the party shall have been duly convicted:
and all persons held to service or labor as slaves are hereby
declared free.