whence they shortly after sailed up the Chesapeak Bay and the River Patowmack. Having reviewed the Country, and given names to several places they selected for their first seat a town of the Indians called (e) YAO-COMOCO, of which, with the circumjacent land, the Governor or Leader, Calvert, made a free and fair purchase of the natives with articles suited to their state of life, and brought from England for that purpose. The prudence and justice which dictated this policy in preference to the forcible intrusion which had marked the commencement of the first Southern plantation, appear to have governed the subsequent proceedings also of the Proprietary and his Officers for extending their limits of possession, and to have produced an entire good understanding and friendly intercourse with the natives, until the jealousy of the latter was excited by the suggestions of an individual interested in defeating Lord Baltimore's views, and their enmity at length confirmed by the many efforts employed by the same person and his abettors for that purpose. These dispositions received also considerable increase from the spontaneous reasoning of the Indians upon what they observed: When we speak of justice and fair dealing in the first steps for obtaining in a Country already claimed and inhabited a footing designed to be extended far beyond the probable contemplation of the actual possessors, it must be in a limited and comparative way: Lord Baltimore's emigrants arrived in America at the season of the year and at the particular spot the most favourable for obtaining an immediate and peaceable establishment: If the natives were to give up lands which were prepared, and had served them, for tillage, it was requisite, that this should be at a season proper for commencing their agricultural operations in other parts. This consideration, with which the arrival of the English at the approach of Spring, had so happy a coincidence, doubtless facilitated the treaty and purchase that ensued: but it is also understood that the tribe with which Mr. Calvert negotiated had resolved to remove higher up and into a more populous part of the Country in order to avoid, or to be better situated for defence against, a more powerful nation with which they were then at War, and that many of them had actually gone thither. When, therefore, these Indians, after ceding only a certain District which they could spare, saw the number of strangers, their demand for more Land, and their power to obtain it by force, rapidly encreasing;¾When individuals unauthorised by the colonial Government found means occasionally to procure from the natives donations of their Lands for considerations extremely inadequate, and

(e) Called by the English Saint Mary's;¾erected some years after into a City, and the Seat of Government until the year 1694.