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491
(70) Spero and Harris, Black Worker, 194; Reid, Survey, 60; also on the daylight
savings debate, see Sun, January 9, February 13, 20,1930.
Chapter 5
(1) Bill Bailey, The Kid from Hoboken," (unpublished manuscript, San Francisco,
1980), 124. I want to thank Bill Bailey for giving me access to this manuscript.
(2) U.S. Bureau of the Census, Fifteenth Census: Unemployment (1930), vol.1,28-39;
Jo Ann E. Argersinger, Toward a New Deal in Baltimore (Chapel Hill: 1988), 7-8.
The Census reports indicate that several Southern cities that were either ports or
distribution centers also experienced a relatively slow rise in the unemployment
rate: in April 1930 unemployment in Norfolk measured 63%, Richmond 6.5%,
Houston 63%).
(3) Argersinger, Toward a New Deal, chapters 2-3.
(4) Baltimore Sun, January 9, February 13,20, May 15,17,June 22,26, July 9,10,
23,31, August 17, October 6,8, November 11, 20,1930; Argersinger, Toward a New
Deal, 11.
(5) Sun, January 15, February 27, August 15, November 11, 193Q', Afro-American,
January 10,1931, September 3,1932.
(6) George H. Callcott, Maryland and America (Baltimore: 1985), 107. One
indication of the growth in CP activity is found in the index to the Baltimore Sun
which lists few articles on the CP in Baltimore before the Crash and over 60 articles
in 1930 alone. The most important and respectable works of the older tradition of
CP historiography include Theodore Draper, Roots of American Communism (New
York: 1957) and American Communism and Soviet Russia (New York, 1960), Lewis
Coser and living Howe, The American Communist Party: A Critical History, 1919-
1957 (New York: 1957) and, in recent reincarnation, Harvey Klehr, The Heyday of
American Communism: The Depression Decade (New York: 1984); the newer
tradition includes Mark Naison, Communists in Harlem during the Depression
(Urbana: 1983), Maurice Isserman, Which Side Were You On? The American
Communist Party during the Second World War (Middletown, Connecticut: 1982)
and /// Had a Hammer... Tlie Death of the Old Left and the Birth of the New Left
(New York: 1987), and Nell Painter, Tfie Narrative ofHosea Hudson (Cambridge,
Massachusetts: 1979); the two traditions recently clashed in a mini-debate in the
New York Review of Books, May 9, May 30, and August 15,1985.
(7) Mark Naison, The Communist Party and the Great Depression," presentation
at "70 Years of U.S. Communism, 1919-1989", City University of New York
Graduate Center, November 11,1989.
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