Ch. 593

1997 LAWS OF MARYLAND

(9) "Local association of employees" means an association of employees, the
membership of which is limited to the employees of a designated person or persons in a
particular municipality, that is exempt from taxation under § 501(c)(4) of the Internal
Revenue Code.

(11) (i) "Volunteer" means on officer, directory trustee, or other person
who provides services or performs duties for an association or organization without
receiving compensation.

(II) "VOLUNTEER" INCLUDES AN INDIVIDUAL WHO IS ENGAGED IN
A COMMUNITY SERVICE WORK ACTIVITY UNDER THE FAMILY INVESTMENT
PROGRAM ESTABLISHED UNDER ARTICLE 88A OF THE CODE.

[(ii)] (III) In a health care malpractice action, "volunteer" does not
include a provider of health-care services or an employee who performs duties on behalf
of a charitable organization.

(b) A volunteer is not liable in damages beyond the limits of any personal
insurance the volunteer may have in any suit that arises from an act or omission of an
officer, director, employee, trustee, or another volunteer of the association or
organization for which the volunteer performs services, unless:

(1) The volunteer knew or should have known of an act or omission of a
particular officer, director, employee, trustee, or another volunteer, and the volunteer
authorizes, approves, or otherwise actively participates in that act or omission; or

(2)    After an act or omission of a particular officer, director, employee,
trustee, or another volunteer, the volunteer, with full knowledge of that act or omission,
ratifies it.

5-399.6.

(a) (1) In this section the following words have the meanings indicated.

(2) "Agent" means an officer, director, trustee, employee, or volunteer of a
provider, but does not mean an offender OR PARTICIPANT.

(3)     "Offender" means a person assigned or ordered to perform community
service:

(i) By a court according to the provisions of Article 27, § 726A of the
Code or § 3-820 of this article: or

(ii) By an intake officer under § 3-810 of this article.

(4)     "PARTICIPANT" MEANS AN INDIVIDUAL WHO IS ENGAGED IN A
COMMUNITY SERVICE WORK ACTIVITY UNDER THE FAMILY INVESTMENT
PROGRAM ESTABLISHED UNDER ARTICLE 88A OF THE CODE.

[(4)](5) "Private provider" means an organization that:

(i) Is exempt from taxation under § 501(c) of the Internal Revenue
Code; and

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