Ch. 576                                        1994 LAWS OF MARYLAND

[(4) "Athletic official" means an individual who officiates, referees, or
umpires an interscholastic, intercollegiate, or any other amateur athletic contest
conducted by a nonprofit or governmental body.]

(b)     Except as provided in subsection (c) of this section, a volunteer is not
personally liable for damages in any civil action brought against the volunteer by virtue of
the volunteer's act or omission in providing services or performing duties on behalf of a
community recreation program.

(c)      A volunteer is personally liable for damages in any civil action brought against
the volunteer in which it is found that:

(1)     The damages were the result of the volunteer's negligent operation of a
motor vehicle;

(2)     The damages were the result of the volunteer's willful, wanton, or
grossly negligent act or omission; or

(3)      The damages were the result of the volunteer's NEGLIGENCE IN
permitting an unsupervised competition, practice, or activity,

(d)      (1) Except as provided in paragraph (2) of this subsection, an athletic
official is not personally liable in damages in any civil action brought against the athletic
official by a player, a participant, or a spectator by virtue of the athletic official's act or
omission arising out of the athletic official's duties and services performed while acting in
the capacity of athletic official.

(2) An athletic official is personally liable for damages in any civil action
brought against the athletic official in which it is found that the damages were the result
of the athletic official's willful, wanton, or grossly negligent act or omission.

(E) (1) THIS SECTION DOES NOT CREATE, AND MAY NOT BE CONSTRUED AS
CREATING, A NEW CAUSE OF ACTION OR SUBSTANTIVE LEGAL RIGHT AGAINST AN
ATHLETIC OFFICIAL OR A VOLUNTEER.

(2) THIS SECTION DOES NOT AFFECT, AND MAY NOT BE CONSTRUED AS
AFFECTING, ANY IMMUNITIES FROM CIVIL LIABILITY OR DEFENSES ESTABLISHED
BY ANY OTHER PROVISION OF THE CODE OR AVAILABLE AT COMMON LAW, TO
WHICH AN ATHLETIC OFFICIAL OR VOLUNTEER MAY BE ENTITLED.

5-314.

(a) (1) In this section the following words have the meanings indicated.

(2) ["Charitable organization" means an organization, institution,
association, society, or corporation that is exempt from taxation under § 501(c)(3), (4),
(5), or (6) of the Internal Revenue Code.] "ASSOCIATION OR ORGANIZATION" MEANS:

(I)    A BUSINESS LEAGUE;

(II)     A CHARITABLE ORGANIZATION;

(III)    A CIVIC LEAGUE;                                                   

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