BIBLIOGRAPHY 191

(d. 1832); Dr. Charles Carroll of Annapolis (d. 1755), and his son,
Charles Carroll, the Barrister, of Annapolis and Baltimore (d. 1782).
Many, but by no means all, of these have been printed. Thus we have
Unpublished Letters of Charles Carroll of Carrollton and of his Pother,
Charles Carroll of Doughoregan, Thomas Meaghar Field, ed. (United
States Catholic Historical Society, " Monograph Series, " No. 1, N. Y.,
1902); "Extracts from the Carroll Papers," Md.. Hist. Mae., X (1915)
through XVI (1921), passim (letters between Charles of Annapolis and
Charles of Carrollton, 1750-74); " A Lost Copy-Book of Charles Carroll
of Carrollton, " ibid., XXXII (1937), 193-225 (Letters of 1770-74);
" Extracts from Account and Letter Books of Dr. Charles Carroll of
Annapolis, " ibid., XVIII (1923) through XXVII (1932), passim (letters
of 1722-55); and "Letters of Charles Carroll, Barrister, " ibid., XXXI
(1937) through XXXVIII (1943), passim. These extensive collections
are a valuable source for economic history, but for political affairs they are
disappointing. A similar observation may apply to the unpublished
Callister Papers, Bozman Papers, and Galloway papers.

Long the only newspaper of the province, the Maryland Gazette, pub-
lished at Annapolis from 1727, with a gap between 1734 and 1745, con-
sisted, like every other paper of its day, chiefly of advertisements, " foreign
intelligence, " and literary effusions. Not till after the Peace of Paris
(1763) did it begin to reflect local issues and political controversies.
The Maryland State Library at Annapolis has an almost complete file,
which is available on microfilm at the Maryland Historical Society and at
many scholarly libraries. All of the death and marriage notices down to
1800 have been published, under the title " ' News' from the Maryland
Gazette, '" in Md. Hist. Mag., XVII (1922), 364-79; XVIII (1923),
22-37, 150-83, 273-90. A Maryland Journal appeared at Baltimore in the
fall of 1773.

2. THE WRITINGS

There are two indispensable works of a general nature: Newton
Dennison Mereness, Maryland as a Proprietary Province (N. Y., 1901),
and Charles Albro Barker, The Background of the Revolution in Maryland
(" Yale Historical Publications, Miscellany, " No. 38, New Haven, 1940).
The former embodies a topical treatment of the entire colonial era. Hie
latter is a history, topical in its general tendency, of the second proprietary
period (1715-76). Both are models of scholarship.

The detail of Maryland's political history may be filled in with the aid
of a series of monographs and articles. Many of the best are to be found
among the Johns Hopkins University Studies in Historical and Political
Science, here abbreviated JHUS, These are for the most part accurate,
scholarly, and penetrating although some earlier ones are duller than need
be, and they come to us in an unattractive format.

An integrated series of such writings by the late Bernard Christian
Steiner covers events down through the organization of royal government:
Beginnings of Maryland, 1631-1639 (JHUS, series 21, nos. 8-10, Balti-