HERBERT R. O'CONOR, GOVERNOR. 1511

he shall appoint some fit person of the same political party
with himself to act in his stead until his return, having first
administered to such substitute the same oath as he himself
has taken. Blank forms for the appointment of the substi-
tute judges and clerks and the oath aforesaid shall be sup-
plied by the Supervisors, and the oath when administered
shall be preserved and returned by the judges to the supervis-
ors. The appointment and swearing in of all such substitutes
and the reason therefor, and the time when such substitute
began and ceased to serve shall be noted by the judges in the
poll books of the precinct or on loose-leaf pages inserted in
the binders containing the precinct cards; such substitute
shall cease to act whenever the judge or clerk, in whose stead
he was appointed shall be present.

64. Each political party or other body of voters having a
candidate or candidates duly nominated shall have the right
to designate and keep a challenger and watcher at each place
of registration and election, who shall be assigned to such
positions near the judges of election, inside the registration
or polling-room as to enable them to see each person as he
offers to register or vote, and they shall be protected in the
discharge of their duty by the judges of election and the police.
A certificate signed by the candidates or by the presiding officer
of the chief managing committee of their party in the city or
county shall be sufficient evidence of the right of such chal-
lenger and watcher to be present in the registration or polling-
room. In case any challenger or watcher does not produce
such certificate, the judges of election shall recognize a chal-
lenger or watcher vouched for by the persons present belong-
ing to such political party or by the judge representing such
party. Such challenger or watcher shall have the right to
remain in the polling-room outside the rail hereinafter men-
tioned from the time the polls are opened until they are closed,
and after that time he shall be permitted to remain within the
rail until the returns are completed, but it shall be unlawful
for any such challenger to inquire or ascertain for what can-
didate or candidates any voter may intend to vote or has voted,
or to confer in the polling-room with any voter or to assist
him in the preparation of his ballot or in the operation of a
voting machine, and any challenger offering or attempting to
do so may lawfully be ejected by the judges and shall also be
subject to the punishment hereinafter in this Article provided.
A challenger or watcher may be removed at any time by the
same person or committee or by the chairman of the commit-
tee which appointed him. Citizens other than accredited chal-
lengers or watchers who desire to challenge the vote of any
person then inside the polling-room shall be permitted to enter