ALBERT C. RITCHIE, GOVERNOR. 623

panies whose roads are worked by steam, electric or other power,
street and passenger railways, steamship and steam-boat com-
panies, and all other common carriers, telegraph, cable, tele-
phone, express, transportation, parlor car, sleeping car, and
oil pipe line companies, turnpike companies, bridge companies
and sewage disposal companies, safe deposit and trust com-
panies, casualty, surety, guarantee and fidelity companies, in-
surance companies of all kinds, electric light or power com-
panies, heating, refrigerating, water or gas companies, build-
ing or homestead associations, state, national and savings banks,,
finance corporations, or savings or moneyed corporations; pro-
vided that any domestic railroad, railway, street or passenger
railway, steamship, steamboat, common carrier, telegraph,
cable, telephone, express, transportation, parlor car, sleeping
car, oil pipe-line, turnpike, bridge, sewage disposal, electric
light and power, heating, refrigerating, gas or water company,
which neither owns, maintains nor operates properties, lines
or works in this State, or any other domestic corporation having
a capital stock which does no part of its business in this State,
shall be deemed an ordinary business corporation.

(10) The phrase "finance corporation" shall include finance,
credit, investment banking, investment trust, mortgage and com-
mercial banking corporations, and any corporation other than
banks or trust companies substantially competing with national
banks in this State.

(11) The word "city" shall include an incorporated city, in-
corporated town or incorporated village; and, where special
rates of taxation apply in any assessment district or part of
a county or city, shall include such assessment district or part
of a county or city.

(12) The word "taxpayer" shall include any person or per-
sons paying or liable to pay any tax, or against whom any
liability for taxes is claimed or asserted, or could be claimed
or asserted, whether on his own behalf or on behalf of others,
as, for example, a corporation on behalf of its shareholders.

(13) Real estate shall include leaseholds, unless such con-
struction would be unreasonable.

(14) Mortgages shall include instruments in the nature of
mortgages and debts secured thereby, but not securities men-
tioned in Section 6(3) of this Article.