FEDERATE RELATIONS. 47

three; Rhode Island and Delaware one each.—
By this arrangement, Maryland possessed one
tenth of the Representatives in congress. By
the census under which the succeeding congress
was chosen, this relation was maintained.

It will be recollected, that by the constitu-
tion of the United States, the portion of repre-
sentation is regulated, not by the total number
of inhabitants, but by the total number of free
persons, added to three fifths of the number of all
other persons, in the state. This produces the
difference between the actual population, and
the population which is recognized in making
apportionments. By this rule, the representa-
tive population of Maryland has been reduced
at each census about 40,000 below the actual
population of the state.

The number of Representatives assigned to
Maryland, by the ratio of one lor every 30,000
adopted under the census of 1790, was the same
that we have at present—and it has continued
the same throughout the changes of the ratio,
lo 33,000, in 1800; 35,000, in 1810, and 40,000
in 1820, which is the present number. The in-
crease of population in Maryland, has main-
tained for her, nine members of the house of
representatives, and consequently eleven elec-
tors of President and Vice President, under
each apportionment. But her comparative in-
fluence has diminished by the increased num -
ber of which those bodies consist. There is
nealy twice the number of representatives in