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CHAPTER SIX
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John Dunlap, James Hayes, Junior, and John Hayes, Printers of
the Maryland Gazette, and Baltimore Advertiser from
1775 to 1791
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BALTIMORE offered too large a field for one printer to
monopolize. Even before Goddard's Press was estab-
lished in 1773, there were two rival firms, that of Hodge
and Shober, located in Gay-Street opposite the home of
Dr. Henry Stevenson, and the Press of Enoch Story,
the Younger. It is only recently that an imprint of
the Hodge and Shober Press has been discovered, prov-
ing without a doubt that their press was actually set up and in opera-
tion in 1772.1 Hodge and Shober withdrew from Baltimore at about the
time that Goddard arrived and Enoch Story, the Younger, left a year
or two later.
Goddard's next competitor was much more formidable since he had
behind him the resources of a successful and long established printing
office in Philadelphia. John Dunlap2 was born in Strabane, Ireland and
came to Philadelphia where he was educated in the printing art by his
uncle, William Dunlap. In 1766, when the latter went to England to
take orders in the Church of England, he left his nephew in charge of
the printing office. He conducted the business in a creditable fashion
and when William Dunlap was settled in a Virginia church, he bought
out his interest in the concern. In 1771 he established the Pennsylvania
Packet, which was successfully published until 1794, shortly before his
retirement from the printing business. It was, after September 21, 1784,
the first daily newspaper in the United States and nothing appeared in
its columns "..... which would wound the feelings of an individual."3
1 George Cockings's, The Conquest of Canada: or, the Siege of Quebec. Hodge and Shober, Baltimore, 1772. This was
probably the second book to be printed in Baltimore. There is a copy in the Harris Collection at Brown University. Not in
Wroth.
2 See Thomas, History of Printing in America, 2nd edition, Vol. I, pp. 258-259; Wroth, A History of Printing in Colonial
Maryland, pp. 116-117; Joseph Jackson in D.A.B., Vol. V, pp. 514-515.
3 Thomas, History of Printing in America, 2nd edition, Vol. I, p. 259.
[ 49 ]
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