MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 83

scribed. Winsor's¹ history of America, which was published in the
same year, contains very interesting notes on the gradual recognition
of the resources and physical features of the state.

The continued work of Professor Hall upon the paleontology of the
Paleozoic deposits found expression in Volume VII of the Paleonto-
logy of New York, which was published in 1888. This report con-
tains descriptions and figures of many forms from Cumberland and
vicinity.

The investigations of Professor Uhler which were carried on
throughout this period have already been briefly referred to. In
1888 he presented two articles of significance, one dealing with " The
Albirupean Formation and its nearest relatives in Maryland"² and
the other containing a " Sketch of the History of the Maryland Acad-
emy of Sciences. " * Further contributions were made by Professor
Uhler ⁴ to the geology of Maryland between the years 1889 and 1892.

During the latter year Mr. J. T. Scharf published a statistical and
popular account of the natural resources and advantages of Maryland.

Very little work has been done during later years by private in-
terests in the study of the geology and mineral resources of the state.
The great advance which has been made in our knowledge of Mary-
land has been accomplished through the official agencies, which will
be described in the following pages.

GEOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS CARRIED ON UNDER THE AUSPICES OF THE
JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY.

The organization of the Johns Hopkins University in 1876 upon the
foundation left by Johns Hopkins of Baltimore, who had died in 1873,
inaugurated a new period of scientific activity in Maryland that has
meant much for the material advancement of the state. The labora-
tories of the University were equipped for the study of the broadest
problems of scientific inquiry; and at the same time the authorities

¹ Narrative and Critical History of America, vol. iii, pp. 127-169, 517-562.

² Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc., Phil., vol. xxv, 1884, pp. 42-53.

³ Trans. Md. Acad. Sci., vol. i, pp. 1-10.

⁴ Trans. Md. Acad. Sci., vol. i, pp. 11-32, 45-72, 97-104, 185-204.