56 HISTORICAL SKETCH

A very interesting contribution to the history of the development
of artesian waters is an article entitled " Notice of some recent experi-
ences in boring for fresh water, and of a pamphlet on that subject, "¹
in which the sections passed through at points in Washington and
Baltimore are described.

In 1827 Dr. Samuel G. Morton of Philadelphia commenced his
investigations upon the fossiliferous strata of the Coastal Plain, and
throughout the remainder of this period made many important con-
tributions to the paleontology of the deposits, the articles being found
chiefly in the Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Phila-
delphia and in the American Journal of Science for those years.

The publication of an article by Dr. T. A. Conrad of Philadelphia
" On the Geology and Organic Remains of a part of the Peninsula of
Maryland " in 1830 marks the beginning of a new epoch in the study
of Maryland geology. Unlike his predecessors, Conrad from the first
applied the paleontological evidence he possessed to an interpretation
of the stratigraphy; and, although many of his conclusions were
erroneous, still the knowledge of the geology of the Coastal Plain
was very materially advanced by the methods which he introduced.
During this and subsequent years Conrad added largely to the knowl-
edge of the Tertiary faunas of Maryland and Virginia.

During 1830 Philip T. Tyson published his " Notice of some Locali-
ties of Minerals in the counties of Baltimore and Harford, Md. "² in
the American Journal of Science and Arts. Maryland is indebted
to many important contributions from his pen from this time forward.

In a letter written in November, 1831, to the editor of the Am-
erican Journal of Science, S. W. Pomeroy contributes " Remarks on
the Coal Region between Cumberland and Pittsburgh, and on the
Topography, Scenery, etc., of that portion of the Alleghany Mts. "³
The same year Edmund Ruffin published " An Essay on Calcareous
manures, " which subsequently passed through three editions. This
volume contains a general discussion of the marls of the Coastal Plain
and the author refers to localities in Maryland.

¹ Amer. Jour. Sci., vol. xii, 1827, pp. 136-143.

² Vol. xviii, pp. 78-84. ³ Amer. Jour. Sci., vol. xxi, 1832, pp. 342-347.