40 INTRODUCTION

pure water is a matter which does not require discussion, and is to-day
recognized by every community of importance within the state. It
is therefore desirable, both from a sanitary and from an economic
standpoint, to know the conditions under which water may be expected
and the depth and character of the material of the water-bearing
zone. Although it is not always possible to give exact information
upon these points on account of the varying conditions beneath the
surface, yet the advice which the State Geological Survey will be
able to give the people upon this subject after its work has further
advanced will be one of the most important services which it can
render to the state.

TEE DETERMINATION OF THE WATER POWER.

Maryland possesses much undeveloped water power in its larger
rivers and creeks, and as yet but little has been done toward its de-
termination. In co-operation with the State Weather Service and
the U. S. Geological Survey, water-gauges have been placed on the
more important streams for the purpose of ascertaining the normal
volume and fluctuation of their waters. These facts, which can be
readily obtained with little expenditure of time or money, should be
accessible to the public. It is the intention of the State Geological
Survey to have this data tabulated, so that those who are seeking
sites for new industries, or are desirous of using the water power for
electrical purposes, may have a reliable source of information.

THE STUDY OF THE PHYSIOGRAPHIC FEATURES OF THE STATE.

The origin of our mountains and our river valleys depends upon
the geological structure of the state, and has influenced the occupa-
tions of the people to so large an extent that it is desirable that
attention should be called to this subject. It is the plan of the State
Geological Survey to trace out the history of the development of the
mountain chains, valleys and plains in connection with the study of
the areal geology. To those seeking a home amongst us such features
are of much importance, and it is desirable that they should be pre-
sented in a thoroughly systematic manner accompanied by graphic
illustrations.