PREFACE.

The subjects considered in this volume are treated in a preliminary
manner and are largely introductory to what will follow in later
reports. The volume consists primarily of a summary of past and
present knowledge concerning the physical features of Maryland, and
embraces an account of the geology, physiography and natural
resources of the state. To this is appended a bibliography of all
publications relating to these matters. This data will prove of much
value to those who are engaged in the study of the geology of the state
and will at the same time afford a means of ready reference for those
who are desirous of knowing the original sources of information.

In the preparation of this volume grateful recognition is accorded
to the many distinguished workers of the past upon the geology of
the state, and first and foremost, to the late lamented George Hunting-
ton Williams, Professor of Inorganic Geology in the Johns Hopkins
University, who did so much in his twelve years of residence in Mary-
land to unravel the complicated geology of the Piedmont region.
Many of his valuable conclusions will find place in this and subsequent
volumes.

The Introduction to the present volume is given up largely to a
discussion of the plan of operation of the present survey, together with
a recital of the facts connected with its establishment and organization.
It is most important that the citizens of the state should understand
at the start the objects of the survey, so that they may obtain the
greatest possible advantage from its operations.

The Historical Sketch which follows, and which comprises Part II
of the report, contains an account of the progress of investigation of
the physical features and natural resources of the state. Much of the
data relating to colonial days has been furnished the writer by Dr.
William Hand Browne, and Dr. Edw. B. Mathews has aided in the
preparation of the later chapters. The wide knowledge of Professor