CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES. 51

ARTICLE XIV.*

SECTION 1. All persons born or naturalized in the United
States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the
United States and of the State wherein they reside. No State
shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privi-

* The fourteenth amendment to the Constitution of the United States was
proposed to the legislatures of the several States by the Thirty-ninth Con-
gress, on the 16th of June, 1866. On the 21st of July, 1868, Congress adopted
and transmitted to the Department of State a concurrent resolution declar-
ing that "the legislatuies of the States of Connecticut, Tennessee, New-
Jersey, Oregon, Vermont, New York, Ohio, Illinois, West Virginia, Kansas,
Maine, Nevada, Missouri, Indiana, Minnesota, New Hampshire, Massachu-
setts, Nebraska, Iowa, Arkansas, Florida, North Carolina, Alabama, South
Carolina and Louisiana, being three-fourths and moie of the several States
of the Union, have ratified the fourteenth article of amendment to the Con-
stitution of the United States, duly proposed by two-thirds of each House
of the Thirty-ninth Congress. Therefore Resolved, That said fourteenth
article is hereby declared to be a part of the Constitution of the United
States, and it shall be duly promulgated as such by the Secretary of State."
The Secretary of State accordingly issued a proclamation, dated the 28th
of July, 1868, declaring that the proposed fourteenth amendment had
been latined, in the manner hereafter mentioned, by the legislatures of
thirty of the thirty-six States, viz : Connecticut, June 30, 1866; New
Hampshire, July 7, 1866, Tennessee, July 19, 1866, New Jersey, Septem-
ber 11, 1866 (and the legislature of the same State passed a resolution in
April, 1868, to withdraw its consent to it); Oregon, September 19, 1866;
Vermont, November 9, 1866, Georgia rejected it November 13, 1866, and
ratified it July 21, 1868, North Carolina rejected it December 4, 1866, and
ratified it July 4, 1868, South Carolina rejected it December 20, 1866,
and ratified it July 9, 1868; New York latifled it January 10, 1867, Ohio
ratified it January 11, 1867 (and the legislature of the same State passed a
resolution in January, 1868, to withdraw its consent to it), Illinois ratified
it January 15, 1867, West Virginia, January 16, 1867, Kansas, January 18,
1867; Maine, January 19, 1867, Nevada, January 22, 1867; Missouri, Jan-
uary 26, 1867; Indiana, January 20, 1867, Minnesota, February 1, 1867;
Rhode Island, February 7, 1867; Wisconsin, February 13, 1867; Pennsyl-
vania, February 13, 1867; Michigan, February 15, 1867, Massachusetts,
March 20, 1867; Nebraska, June 15, 1867, Iowa, April 3, 1868; Arkansas,
April 6, 1868, Florida, June 9, 1868, Louisiana, July 9, 1868, and Alabama,
July 13, 1868 Georgia again ratified the amendment February 2, 1870
Texas rejected it November 1, 1866, and ratified it February 18, 1870
Virginia rejected it January 19, 1867, and ratified it October 8, 1869 The
amendment was rejected by Kentucky, January 10, 1867, by Delaware,
February 8, 1867; by Maryland, March 23, 1867, and was not afterwards
latifled bv either State.