108 CONSTITUTION OF MARYLAND.

Art. 4. That the people of this State have the sole and
exclusive right of regulating the internal government and
police thereof, as a free, sovereign and independent State.

Art. 5. That the inhabitants of Maryland are entitled to the
Common Law of England, and the trial by Jury, according to
the course of that law, and to the benefit of such of the Eng-
lish statutes as existed on the Fourth day of July, seventeen
hundred and seventy-six; and which, by experience, have been
found applicable to their local and other circumstances, and
have been introduced, used and practiced by the Courts of
Law or Equity; and also of all Acts of Assembly in force on
the first day of June, eighteen hundred and sixty-seven; except
such as may have since expired, or may be inconsistent with
the provisions of this Constitution; subject, nevertheless, to
the revision of, and amendment or repeal by, the Legislature
of this State. And the Inhabitants of Maryland are also enti-
tled to all property derived to them from or under the Charter
granted by His Majesty, Charles the First, to Caecilius Calvert,
Baron of Baltimore.

State v. Buchanan, 5 H. & J. 317. Dashiell v Attorney-General, 5 H &
J. 401 State v. Wayman, 2 G & J. 254. State v Bank of Maryland, 6 G
& J 205. Smith v State, 5 Gill, 45 Wright v Wright's Lessee, 2 Md.
429 Manly v. State, 7 Md. 135 Broadbent v. State, 7 Md. 416. Steuart
v Mayor &c. of Balto , 7 Md 500 Eichelberger v Hardesty, 15 Md 548
Pue v Hetzell, 16 Md. 539 Koontz v. Nabb, 16 Md 549. State v Glenn,
54 Md. 572. McCoy v Johnson, 70 Md. 490 Ford v State, 85 Md. 465
Knee v. City Pass. Ry., 87 Md. 624. Danner v. State, 89 Md 225. Lewis
v Tapman, 90 Md 302. In re Maddox, 93 Md 727 Beasley v. Ridout,
94 Md. 659.

Art. 6. That all persons invested with the Legislative or
Executive powers of Government are Trustees of the Public,
and as such, accountable for their conduct: Wherefore, when-
ever the ends of Government are perverted, and public liberty
manifestly endangered, and all other means of redress axe
ineffectual, the People may, and of right ought to reform the
old, or establish a new Government; the doctrine of non-
resistance against arbitrary power and oppression is absurd,
slavish and destructive of the good and happiness of mankind.

Art. 7. That the right of the People to participate in the
Legislature is the best security of liberty and the foundation
of all free Government; for this purpose elections ought to be
free and frequent, and every white* male citizen having the

*The word "white" omitted under the 15th Amendment to the Constitution of the
United States