DECLARATION OF RIGHTS.

19

counsel; to be confronted with the witnesses against him, to have process for
his witnesses; to examine the witnesses for and against him on oath; and to a
speedy trial by an impartial jury, without whose unanimous consent he ought

Counsel and
witnesses

Trial by jury.
12 Md 614

not to be found guilty.
ART. 22 That no man ought to be compelled to give evidence against him-
self in a criminal case
ART. 23 That no man ought to be taken or imprisoned or disseized of his
freehold, liberties, or privileges, or outlawed or exiled, or, in any manner, de-
stroyed or deprived of his life, liberty, or property, but by the judgment of his
peers, or by the law of the land

Evidence
against oneself
3 G 323,
7 Md 416
Freemen not to
be imprisoned
2 Md 429
41 Md 633, 31
Md 329. 27 Md
492

ART 24 That slavery shall not be re-established in this State; but having
been abolished, under the policy and authority of the United States, compen-
sation, in consideration thereof, is due from the United States.

Slavery abol-
ished
1867, c 189
23 Md 503

ART. 25 That excessive bail ought not to be required, nor excessive fines im-
posed, nor cruel or unusual punishment inflicted, by the courts of law.

Bail, fines, etc.

ART 26 That all warrants, without oath or affirmation, to search suspected
places, or to seize any person or property, are grievous and oppressive; and all
general warrants to search suspected places, or to apprehend suspected persons,
without naming or describing the place, or the person in special, are illegal,
and ought not to be granted

Search war-
rants.

ART. 27. That no conviction shall work corruption of blood or forfeiture of
estate
ART. 28 That a well-regulated militia is the proper and natural defence of
a free government,

Corruption of
Mood and for-
feiture
Militia.

ART 29. That standing armies are dangerous to liberty, and ought not to be
raised, or kept up, without the consent of the legislature

Standing
armies

ART 30 That in all cases, and at all times, the military ought to be under
strict subordination to, and control of, the civil power

Military subject
to civil power

ART 31. That no soldier shall, in time of peace, he quartered in any house,
without the consent of the owner, nor in time of war, except in the manner
prescribed by law

Quartering of
soldiers.

ART. 32 That no person except regular soldiers, marines, and mariners in
the service of this State, or militia, when in actual service, ought, in any case,
to be subject to, or punishable by martial law

Martial law.

ART 33. That the independency and uprightness of judges are essential to
the impartial administration of justice, and a great security to the rights and
liberties of the people; wherefore, the judges shall not be removed, except in

Judges

the manner, and for the causes, provided in this Constitution. No judge shall
hold any other office, civil or military, or political trust, or employment of any

14 Md 215.

kind, whatsoever, under the Constitution or laws of this State, or of the United
States, or any of them; or receive fees, or perquisites of any kind, for the dis-
charge of his official duties

1 Md 368.

ART 84. That a long continuance in the executive departments of power
or trust is dangerous to liberty; a rotation, therefore, in those departments is
one of the best securities of permanent freedom

Rotation in
office

ART 35 That no person shall hold, at the same time, more than one office
of profit, created by the Constitution or laws of this State; nor shall any per-

Holding offices
23 Md 512

son in public trust receive any present from any foreign prince or state, or
from the United States, or any of them, without the approbation of this Slate.

Presents

ART 36 That as it is the duty of every man to worship God in such manner
as he thinks most acceptable to Him, all persons are equally entitled to protec-
tion in their religious liberty; wherefore, no person ought by any law to be
molested in his person or estate, on account of his religious persuasion, or pro-
fession, or for his religious practice, unless, under the color of religion, he shall
disturb the good order, pence, or safety of the State, or shall infringe the laws
of morality, or injure others in their natural, civil, or religious rights; nor

Religious lib-
erty