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DECLARATION OF RIGHTS. 15
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one of said departments, shall assume or discharge the
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10 Md 478.
15 Md 376.
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duties of any other.
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ART. 9. That no power of suspending laws, or the exe-
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Suspension of
Laws
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cution of laws, unless by or derived from the Legislature,
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ought to be exercised or allowed.
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ART. 10. That freedom of speech and debate or pro-
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Freedom of
Speech.
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ceedings in the Legislature, ought not to be impeached in
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any court of judicature.
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ART. 11. That Annapolis be the place for the meeting
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Seat of Govern-
ment
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of the Legislature'; and the Legislature ought not to be
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convened or held at any other place but from evident
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necessity.
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ART. 12. That for the redress of grievances, and for
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Meeting of Legis-
lature
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amending, strengthening and preserving the laws, the Legis-
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lature ought to be frequently convened.
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ART. 13. That every man hath a right to petition the
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Right of Petition.
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Legislature for the redress of grievances in a peaceable
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and orderly manner.
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ART. 14. That no aid, charge, tax, burthen, or fees,
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Levying of Tales.
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ought to be rated or levied, under any pretence, without
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the consent of the Legislature.
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ART 15. That the levying of taxes by the poll is griev-
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Poll Taxes oppres-
sive.
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ous and oppressive, and ought to be prohibited ; that
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paupers ought not to be assessed for the support of the
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Paupers not to be
taxed.
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Government, bat every other person iu the State, or person
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holding property therein, ought to contribute his proportion
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of public taxes, for the support of Government, according
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Taxation Record-
ing to actual
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to his actual worth in real or personal property ; yet fines.
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worth
fines, &c.
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duties, or taxes may properly and justly be imposed or laid,
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7 Md 1.
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with a political view, for the good government and benefit
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18 Md. 1.
18 Md. 451.
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of the community.
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ART. 16. That sanguinary laws ought to be avoided as
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1 Sanguinary Laws.
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far as it is consistent with the safely of the State ; and no
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law to inflict cruel and unusual pains and penalties ought
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to be made in any case, or at any time hereafter.
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ART. 17. That retrospective laws, punishing acts com-
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. Retrospective
Laws
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mitted before the existence of sucli laws, and by them only
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8 Md. 551.
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declared criminal, are oppressive, unjust and incompatible
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10 Md 129.
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