2768 . ARTICLE 89.

inspectors or officials, then all violations of such provisions of such laws
shall be prosecuted and punished as if the Commissioner of Labor and Sta-
tistics had been named in such laws as the body having such rights or
privileges or to which such duties or obligations were owed.

Bureau of Mines.

1922, ch. 307, sec. 16.

17. For the purposes of this sub-title, the terms and definitions con-
tained herein shall be held, construed and understood as follows:

Approved: Unless the context requires a different sense, the word " ap-
proved " means and refers to approbation evidenced by a written certificate
or official letter of the Bureau, approving a device, plan, formula, method,
machine or course of action.

Approved Equipment means equipment admitted by the Bureau to its
approved lists under Bureau regulations after tests satisfying such Bureau
that such equipment is safe and is adapted to its intended use.

Authorized person means any person commissioned by an official in
charge in or at a mine to perform certain prescribed duties under his
authority.

Communication Device means any device employed to transmit intelli-
gence, instructions or warning to persons not present.

Crosscut means a passage driven to connect adjacent parallel entries
or rooms. The term is synonymous with " cut-through," and between
rooms, when driven wide is synonymous with " break-through."

Drift means a horizontal passage-way, or level, or gangway, driven from
the surface outcrop into the coal bed.

Duty as applied to a machine or device, means the particular service in
which such machine or device is being employed or intended to be employed.

Electric Circuit means all conductors, including ground returns, fur-
nishing energy to or receiving energy from electric apparatus.

Electric System means all apparatus and circuits receiving electric
energy or that may receive electric energy from a common source. Where
the source of power is under control of the mine, such source of power will
be considered as a part of the electric system. If power is obtained from a
central station not under control of such mine, the phrase shall refer only
to that part of the system which is under control of such mine.

Entry means a passage way in a coal bed which is approximately level
and is used for haulage, traveling way, or ventilation. In a dipping bed,
entries on the strike are known as " levels " or " gangways " and to the
dip are known as " slopes."

Excavations and Workings: The term " excavations and workings "
includes all the excavated portions of a mine, whether abandoned or being
worked; also all underground workings and shafts, tunnels, and other
ways and openings, and all such shafts, slopes, tunnels, and other openings
in the course of being sunk or driven, together with roads, appliances,
machinery and material connected with the same below the surface.

Faces: The term "face" shall mean the advancing breast of a mine
working-place, either of an entry or room.