CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES. 17

shall have one vote. The electors in each State shall have the qualifications
requisite for electors of the most numerous branch of the State legislatures.

When vacancies happen in the representation of any State in the Senate^
the executive authority of such State shall issue writs of election to fill such
vacancies: Provided, That the legislature of any State may empower the
executive thereof to make temporary appointment until the people fill the
vacancies by election as the legislature may direct.

This amendment shall not be so construed as to affect the election or term
of any Senator chosen before it becomes valid as part of the Constitution.

ARTICLE XVIII. 1

SECTION 1. After one year from the ratification of this article the
manufacture, sale, or transportation of intoxicating liquors within, the
importation thereof into, or the exportation thereof from the United States
and all territory subject to the jurisdiction thereof for beverage purposes is
hereby prohibited.

SECTION 2. The Congress and the several States shall have concurrent
power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.

SECTION 3. This article shall be inoperative unless it shall have been
ratified as an amendment to the Constitution by the legislatures of the
several States, as provided in the Constitution, within seven years from
the date of the submission hereof to the States by the Congress.

and was declared, in a proclamation of the Secretary of State, dated May 31, 1913, to"
have been ratified by the Legislatures of thirty-six States, viz: Massachusetts, Ari-
zona, Minnesota, New York, Kansas, Oregon, North Carolina, California, Michigan,
Idaho, West Virginia, Nebraska, Iowa, Montana, Texas, Washington, Wyoming, Colo-
rada, Illinois, North Dakota, Nevada, Vermont, Maine, New Hampshire, Oklahoma,
Ohio, South Dakota, Indiana, Missouri, New Mexico, New Jersey, Tennessee, Arkansas,
Connecticut, Pennsylvania and Wisconsin.

1 The eighteenth amendment to the Constitution of the United States was proposed
to the Legislatures of the several States by the Sixty-second Congress, second session,
and was declared in a proclamation of the Secretary of State, dated January 29, 1919,
to have been ratified by the Legislatures of thirty-six States; the ratifications were
received by the Department of State in the following order, viz: —Virginia, January
11, 1918; Kentucky, January 16, 1918; North Dakota, January 28, 1918; South Caro-
lina, February 12, 1918; Maryland, March 12, 1918; South Dakota, March 22, 1918;
Texas, March 4, 1918; Montana, February 20, 1918; Delaware, March 26, 1918; Massa-
chusetts, March 26, 1918; Arizona, May 25, 1918; Georgia, July 2, 1918; Louisiana,
August 9, 1918; Michigan, January 2, 1919; West Virginia, January 9, 1919; Maine,
January 8, 1919; Mississippi, January 13, 1918; Florida, December 3, 1918; Oklahoma,
January 7, 1919; Washington, January 13, 1919; New Hampshire, January 15, 1919;
Nebraska, January 16, 1919; Minnesota, January 17, 1919; Indiana, January 14, 1919;
California, January 13, 1919; Colorada, January 15, 1919; Alabama, January 18, 1919;
Oregon, January 15, 1919; Ohio, January 7, 1919; Illinois, January 14, 1919; Wyoming,
January 17, 1919; Idaho, January 15, 1919; Wisconsin, January 15, 1919; North Caro-
lina, January 16, 1919; Utah, January 18, 1919; and Kansas, January 20, 1919. The
Legislatures of the following States not enumerated in the proclamation of the Secre-
tary of State also ratified this amendment: New Mexico, January 20, 1919; Wisconsin,
January 15, 1919; North Carolina, January 16, 1919; Utah, January 18, 1919; Missouri,
January 17, 1919; Nevada, January 27, 1919, and Pennsylvania, February 26, 1919.