884 ELECTIONS. [ART. 33

of any judge shall be protected in so doing as fully as if a warrant had
been issued to him to make such arrest.

1904, art. 33, sec. 61. 1896, ch. 202, sec. 56.

63. The polling places shall be opened by the judges at six o'clock
in the morning in the city of Baltimore, and at eight o'clock in the
morning in the counties, and in said city shall be kept open until five
o'clock, and in the counties until six o'clock in the afternoon of the same
day, at which time the polls shall be closed. If any judge or clerk
shall not be present at the expiration of fifteen minutes after the time
for opening the polls the judge or judges present shall fill the place of
such absent judge or clerk by appointing in his stead a person of the
same political party as the absentee. One of the judges shall administer
to such substitute the oath required of the judge or clerk originally
appointed. After the opening of the polls no judge or clerk shall absent
himself therefrom until all the ballots cast shall have been counted and
the returns completed. If, in case of absolute necessity, any judge
or clerk in attendance shall be compelled to absent himself, he shall
appoint some fit person of the same political party with himself to
act in his stead until his return, having first administered to such
substitute the same oath as he himself has taken. Blank forms for the
appointment of substitute judges and clerks and the oath aforesaid
shall be supplied by the supervisors, and the oath, when administered,
shall be preserved and returned by the judges to the supervisors. The
appointment and swearing in of all such substitutes and the reason
therefor, and the time when such substitutes began and ceased to serve
shall be noted by the judges in the poll-book of the precinct; such
substitute shall cease to act whenever the judge or clerk in whose stead
he was appointed shall be present.

Ibid. sec. 62. 1896, ch. 202, sec. 57.

64. Each political party or other body of voters having a candidate
or candidates duly nominated shall have the right to designate and
keep a challenger and watcher at each place of registration and election,
who shall be assigned to such positions near the judges of election,
inside the registration or polling-room as to enable them to see each
person as he offers to register or vote, and they shall be protected in
the discharge of their duty by the judges of election and the police. A
certificate signed by the candidates or by the presiding officer of the
chief managing committee of their party in the city or county shall
be sufficient evidence of the right of such challenger and watcher to be
present in the registration or polling-room. In case any challenger or
watcher does not produce such certificate, the judges of election shall
recognize a challenger or watcher vouched for by the persons present
belonging to such political party or by the judge representing such party.
Such challenger and watcher shall have the right to remain in the
polling-room outside the rail hereinafter mentioned from the time
the polls are opened until they are closed, and after that time he shall