and by the City of Baltimore for their respective purposes, shall
be uniform within each class or sub-class of land, improvements
on land and personal property which the respective taxing pow-
ers may have directed to be subjected to the tax levy; yet fines,
duties or taxes may properly and justly be imposed, or laid with
a political view for the good government and benefit of the com-
munity.

Art. 16. That sanguinary Laws ought to be avoided as far as it
is consistent with the safety of the State; and no Law to inflict
cruel and unusual pains and penalties ought to be made in any
case, or at any time, hereafter.

Art. 17. That retrospective Laws, punishing acts committed
before the existence of such Laws, and by them only declared
criminal are oppressive, unjust and incompatible with liberty;
wherefore, no ex post facto Law ought to be made; nor any ret-
rospective oath or restriction be imposed, or required.

Art. 18. That no Law to attaint particular persons of treason
or felony, ought to be made in any case, or at any time, hereaf-
ter.

Art. 19. That every man, for any injury done to him in his
person or property, ought to have remedy by the course of the
Law of the Land, and ought to have justice and right, freely
without sale, fully without any denial, and speedily without de-
lay, according to the Law of the Land.

Art. 20. That the trial of facts, where they arise, is one of the
greatest securities of the lives, liberties and estate of the People.

Art. 21. That in all criminal prosecutions, every man hath a
right to be informed of the accusation against him; to have a
copy of the Indictment, or charge, in due time (if required) to
prepare for his defence; to be allowed counsel; to be confronted
with the witnesses against him; to have process for his witnesses;
to examine the witnesses for and against him on oath; and to a
speedy trial by an impartial jury, without whose unanimous con-
sent he ought not to be found guilty.

Art. 22. That no man ought to be compelled to give evidence
against himself in a criminal case.

Art. 23. In the trial of all criminal cases, the Jury shall be
the Judges of Law, as well as of fact, except that the Court may
pass upon the sufficiency of the evidence to sustain a conviction.

The right of trial by Jury of all issues of fact in civil proceed-
ings in the several Courts of Law in this State, where the
amount in controversy exceeds the sum of five hundred dollars,
shall be inviolably preserved.

Art. 24. That no man ought to be taken or imprisoned or
disseized of his freehold, liberties or privileges, or outlawed, or
exiled, or, in any manner, destroyed, or deprived of his life, lib-
erty or property, but by the judgment of his peers, or by the
Law of the land.

Art. 25. That excessive bail ought not to be required, nor ex-
cessive fines imposed, nor cruel or unusual punishment inflicted,
by the Courts of Law.

Art. 26. That all warrants, without oath or affirmation, to
search suspected places, or to seize any person or property, are
grievous and oppressive; and all general warrants to search sus-
pected places, or to apprehend suspected persons, without nam-
ing or describing the place, or the person in special, are illegal,
and ought not to be granted.

Art. 27. That no conviction shall work corruption of blood or
forfeiture of estate.

Art. 28. That a well regulated Militia is the proper and natural
defence of a free Government.

Art. 29. That Standing Armies are dangerous to liberty, and
ought not to be raised, or kept up, without the consent of the
Legislature.

Art. 30. That in all cases, and at all times, the military ought
to be under strict subordination to, and control of, the civil pow-
er.

Art. 31. That no soldier shall, in time of peace, be quartered in
any house, without the consent of the owner, nor in time of war,
except in the manner prescribed by Law.

Art. 32. That no person except regular soldiers, marines, and
mariners in the service of this State, or militia, when in actual
service, ought, in any case, to be subject to, or punishable by
Martial Law.

Art. 33. That the independency and uprightness of Judges are
essential to the impartial administration of Justice, and a great
security to the rights and liberties of the People: Wherefore, the
Judges shall not be removed, except in the manner, and for the
causes provided in this Constitution. No Judge shall hold any
other office, civil, or military or political trust, or employment of
any kind, whatsoever, under (he Constitution or Laws of this
State, or of the United States, or any of them; or receive fees, or
perquisites of any kind, for the discharge of his official duties.

Art. 34. That a long continuance in the Executive Depart-
ments of power or trust is dangerous to liberty; a rotation, there-
fore, in those departments is one of the best securities of perma-
nent freedom.

Art. 35. That no person shall hold, at the same time, more
than one office of profit, created by the Constitution or Laws of
this State; nor shall any person in public trust receive any
present from any foreign Prince or State, or from the United
States, or any of them, without the approbation of this State.
The position of Notary Public shall not be considered an office
of profit within the meaning of this Article.

0

Art. 36. That as it is the duty of every man to worship God
in such manner as he thinks most acceptable to Him, all persons
are equally entitled to protection in their religious liberty;
wherefore, no person ought by any law to be molested in his
person or estate, on account of his religious persuasion, or pro-
fession, or for his rehgious practice, unless, under the color of
religion, he shall disturb the good order, peace or safety of the
State, or shall infringe the laws of morality, or injure others in
their natural, civil or religious rights; nor ought any person to be
compelled to frequent, or maintain, or contribute, unless on con-
tract, to maintain, any place of worship, or any ministry; nor
shall any person, otherwise competent, be deemed incompetent
as a witness, or juror, on account of his religious belief; provid-
ed, he believes in the existence of God, and that under His dis-
pensation such person will be held morally accountable for his
acts, and be rewarded or punished therefor either in this world
or in the world to come.

Nothing shall prohibit or require the making reference to be-
lief in, reliance upon, or invoking the aid of God or a Supreme
Being in any governmental or public document, proceeding, ac-
tivity, ceremony, school, institution, or place.