Population—3,100,689 in 1960; ranked 21st among the states.

Area—In square miles; land, 9,874; inland water, 703; Chesapeake
Bay, 1,726; total, 12,303. Ranks 42nd among the states.

Physiography—Divided into three provinces with progressively higher
altitudes from east to west; Coastal Plain province extends from
Atlantic Ocean to Fall Line; Piedmont or "Foothill," province from
Fall Line to crest of the Blue Ridge Mountains; Appalachian
province from crest of Blue Ridge Mountains to western boundary
of State. Mean elevation, 350 feet; maximum elevation, 3,360 feet
on Backbone Mountain.

Chesapeake Bay—185 miles long with 1,726 square miles in Maryland
and 1,511 square miles in Virginia. Varies in width from 3 to 20
miles. Navigable for ocean-going ships and has two outlets to the
Atlantic Ocean, one through the Chesapeake and Delaware Canal,
one through the mouth of the Bay between the Virginia capes.

Chief Rivers—Navigable to cruisers and other pleasure craft:
Potomac, Patuxent, South, Severn, Magothy, Patapsco, Gunpowder,
Bush, Northeast, Elk, Bohemia, Sassafras, Chester, Wye, Miles,
Tred Avon, Choptank, Little Choptank, Nanticoke, Wicomico and
Pocomoke.

Water Frontage—15 of the 23 counties border on tidal water. Length
of the tidal shore line, including the shore of islands, 3,190 miles.

Forest Area—2,686,016 acres, or about 46 per cent of the land surface.
Chief forest products are lumber, pulpwood and piling. Eleven
State forests and one State forest nursery cover 119,184 acres.

State Parks—Twenty-one State parks containing 21,500 acres include
ocean beaches, Chesapeake Bay shore, dense forests, and high
mountains. Parks provide cabins, campsites, fishing, swimming, boat-
ing, hiking, and mountain climbing.

Manufactures, 1958—Number of establishments, 3,436; total em-
ployees, 256,897; total payroll, $1,241,823,000; value added by manu-
factures, $2,379,414,000. Most important manufactures: primary
metals, transportation equipment, food products, chemicals, electrical
machinery, fabricated metal products, and wearing apparel.

Agriculture, 1959—Number of farms: 25,122 covering 54.7 per cent of
land area. Total farm products sold: $231,135,509. Most valuable
farm products: dairy products, $63,625,107; poultry and poultry
products, $56,417,080; other livestock products, $36,010,334; tobacco,
$17,912,292; corn, $14,134,537; vegetables, $9,333,424; soybeans,
$8,834,372; wheat, $5,441,375; fruits, nuts and berries, $4,374,582.

Seafood Production, 1961— Fish, 21,397,000 pounds, value $1,422,000;
crabs, 29,360,000 pounds, value, $2,081,000; oysters, 2,117,000 U. S.
bushels, value, $7,802,000; soft clams, 390,000 U. S. bushels, value,
$1,231,000; hard clams, 111,600 U. S. bushels, value, $217,000.

Mineral Production, 1961—Stone, 10,671,000 short tons, value $21,-
203,000; sand and gravel, 12,404,000 short tons, value $16,894,000;
coal, 767,000 short tons, value $2,868,000; clays, 681,000 short tons,
value $997,000; natural gas, 3,578 million cubic feet, value $973,000;
miscellaneous minerals, value $20,153,000; total value $62,264,000.

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