404 MARYLAND MANUAL

(at one meeting there were 141 delegates) to remain in continuous
session; therefore, Councils of Safety were elected by the Conventions
to exercise executive power during the intervals between Convention
meetings. With some exceptions the Councils of Safety were com-
posed of nine members, five from the western shore and four from the
eastern shore. The Convention which met from August 14, 1776,
about six weeks after the Declaration of Independence, through
November 11, 1776, framed the Constitution which governed Mary-
land until 1851. The General Assembly established by the Constitu-
tion began meeting on February 5, 1777, but the Council of Safety
continued to function as the executive body of the State until March
20 of the same year. On March 22, 1777, the Assembly adopted a
resolution "for dissolving the Council of Safety and Vesting the Gov-
ernor and Council with their Powers." The Governor and Council
had qualified two days earlier on March 20 and they immediately
began to perform the duties assigned to them.

Conventions

June 22-25, 1774......................................... Matthew Tilghman........................Chairman

Nov. 21-25, 1774.......................................Matthew Tilghman........................Chairman

Dec. 8-12, 1774.........................................John Hall.................................................Chairman

April 24-May 3, 1775.............................Matthew Tilghman........................Chairman

July 26-Aug. 14, 1775............................Matthew Tilghman......................Chainnan

Dec. 7, 1776-Jan. 18, 1776.................Matthew Tilghman ........................President

May 8-25, 1776..............................................Charles Carroll, Barrister......President

June 21-July 6, 1776..............................Matthew Tilghman........................President

Aug. 14-Nov. 11, 1776..........................Matthew Tilghman...................President

Councils of Safety

August 29, 1776-October 21, 1775 Daniel of St. Thomas Jenifer,
President, Thomas Johnson, Jr., William Paca, Charles Carroll, Bar-
rister, Thomas Stone (never acted), Samuel Chase, Robert Alexander,
Charles Carroll of Carrollton, Matthew Tilghman, John Beale Bordley
(declined), Robert Goldsborough (never acted), James Hollyday,
Richard Lloyd, Edward Lloyd, Thomas Smyth, Henry Hooper.

January 18, 1776-May 25, 1776 Daniel of St. Thomas Jenifer,
President, Charles Carroll, Barrister, John Hall, Benjamin Kumsey,
James Tilghman, Thomas Smyth, Thomas Bedingfield Hands.

May 27, 1776-July 6, 1776 Daniel of St. Thomas Jenifer, President,
Charles Carroll, Barrister, John Hall, Benjamin Rumsey (never acted),
George Plater, James Tilghman, Thomas Smyth, Thomas Bedingfield
Hands, William Hayward.

July 6, 1776-November 11. 1776 Daniel of St. Thomas Jenifer,
President, John Hall, George Plater, Charles Carroll, Barrister,
Thomas Bedingfield Hands (declined), Benjamin Bumsey, Thomas
Smyth, James Tilghman, Joseph Nicholson, Jr., Nicholas Thomas
(appointed by Council September 18, 1776).

November 12, 1776-March 20, 1777 Daniel of St. Thomas Jenifer,
President, John Hall, George Plater, Brice Thomas Beale Worthing-
ton, Charles Grahame (declined), Joseph Nicholson, Nicholas Thomas,
William Bumsey (declined), James Tilghman (declined), Thomas
Contee (elected vice Grahame November 11, 1776), Samuel Wilson
(appointed by Council vice Tilghman December 13, 1776), William
Hemslev (appointed by Council vice Rumsey December 13, 1776,
declined), James Lloyd Chamberlaine (appointed by Council vice
Hemsley January 3, 1777, declined), Turbutt Wright (appointed vice
Chamberlaine February 3, 1777).