the University he is required to take the Basic R. O. T. C. courses.
During his junior and senior years he may elect three credit hours in
Reserve Officers' Training Corps each term.

The Department of Physical Education and Recreation works in co-
operation with the military department and supervises all physical
training, general recreation, and intercollegiate athletics.

A summer session of six weeks is conducted at College Park. The
program is designed to serve the needs of three classes of students;
teachers and supervisors of the several classes of school work—ele-
mentary, secondary, and vocational; special students, as farmers,
breeders, dairymen, homemakers, chemists, public speakers, graduate
students; and students who are candidates for degrees in agriculture,
arts and sciences, education, engineering, and home economics.

The work in Medicine, Pharmacy, Law, Dentistry and Nursing is
given in schools in Baltimore. The University Hospital is also located
in that city.
History.

The history of the present University of Maryland, until they were
merged in 1920, is the history of two institutions. These were the old
University of Maryland in Baltimore and the Maryland State College
(formerly Maryland Agricultural College) in College Park.

The beginning of this history was in 1807, when a charter was
granted to the College of Medicine of Maryland. The first class was
graduated in 1810. A permanent home was established in 1814-1816
by the erection of the building at Lombard and Greene Streets in Bal-
timore, the oldest structure in America devoted to medical teaching.
Here was founded one of the first medical libraries (and the first medi-
cal school library) in the United States. In 1812 the General Assembly
of Maryland authorized the College of Medicine of Maryland to "annex
or constitute faculties of divinity, law, and arts and sciences," and by
the same act declared that the "colleges or faculties thus united should
be constituted an university by the name and under the title of the
University of Maryland." By authority of this act, steps were taken
in 1813 to establish a "faculty of law," and in 1823 a regular school of
instruction in law was opened. Subsequently there were added a college
of dentistry, a school of pharmacy, and a school of nursing. No signifi-
cant change in the organization of the University occurred until 1920,
more than one hundred years after the original establishment in 1812.

The Maryland State College was chartered in 1856 under the name
of the Maryland Agricultural College, the second agricultural college in
the Western Hemisphere. For three years the College was under private
management. In 1862 the Congress of the United States passed the
Land Grant Act. This act granted each State and Territory that should
claim its benefits a proportionate amount of unclaimed Western lands,
in place of scrip, the proceeds from the sale of which should apply under
certain conditions to the "endowment, support, and maintenance of at
least one college where the leading object shall be, without excluding
other scientific and classical studies, and including military tactics, to
teach such branches of learning as are related to agriculture and the
mechanic arts, in such a manner as the Legislature of the States may
respectively prescribe, in order to promote the liberal and practical
education of the industrial classes in the several pursuits and profes-
sions of life." This grant was accepted by the General Assembly of
Maryland, and the Maryland Agricultural College was named as the
beneficiary of the grant. Thus the College became, at least in part, a
State institution. In the fall of 1914 control was taken over entirely
by the State. In 1916 the General Assembly granted a new charter to
the College and made it the Maryland State College.