250
STATUTES FOUND APPLICABLE,
stated in the preamble. The 1st, 2d and 3d sections related to
the proof in Great Britain of matters'
depending in suit in the province. The 4th made a considerable alteration
respecting executions by
fieri facias, which was by construction of the courts, extended
further than the framers of it designed,
and has settled into the practice which still prevails. The expressions
were, that the houses, lands,
negroes, and other hereditaments and real estates within any
of the plantations, belonging to any person
indebted, should be liable to, and chargable with all just debts, &c.
owing to his majesty or any
of his subjects; and should be assets for the satisfaction thereof, in
like manner, as real estates were,
by the law of England, liable to the satisfaction of debts due by bond
or other specialty. So far, the
law and practice were not altered, as it had been the usual course to have
lands extended under recognisances,
and taken possession of by writs of elegit as in England.
The concluding part was
rather obscurely worded, as follows: " And shall be subject to the
like remedies, proceedings and process
in any court of law or equity, in any of the said plantations respectively,
for seizing, extending, selling
or disposing of any such houses, lands, negroes and other hereditaments
and real estates, towards
the satisfaction of such debts, &c. and in like manner as personal
estates in any of the said plantations,
respectively, are seized, extended. sold or disposed of for the satisfaction
of debts." Soon after this
statute became known in the province, the practice began, of selling lands
under writs of fieri facias,
and the remedy of elegit ceased to be used. I have been informed
that the provincial judges thought
themselves authorized to extend the benefits of this statute to the native
inhabitants when plaintiffs,
as well as to the trading subjects of Great-Britain; and it is possible
that they might have thought the
former comprehended under the general description of subjects.
In the state of Virginia, negroes are considered as
real property, and are not (nor are lands) liable
to be taken by fieri facias, but are subject to the remedy by elegit.
As to this statute, the first 3 sections are not
proper to be incorporated, &c. because we have passed
an act expressly on the subject of such evidence--1785, Ch. 46.
As to the 4th section, the practice
is fully established, and is in a manner recognised by the act for the
regulation of officers fees, and
other acts, and ought so to remain; but whether by incorporating this section
of the statute or otherwise,
it will be for the legislature to determine.
6 George 2.--A. D. 1733.
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CHAP. 14. An act for the more effectual preventing
frivolous and vexatious arrests,
&c. and for the obviating a doubt which has arisen
upon an act made in the
fourth year of his present majesty's reign, entitled,
An act that all proceedings in
courts of justice, &c. shall be in the English language.
See the note on 4 Geo. 2, Ch. 26.
7 George 2.--A. D. 1734.
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CHAP. 15. An act to settle how far owners of ships
shall be answerable for the acts
of the masters or mariners.
There is some difficulty in determining as to this
statute, because, although it appears to have been
applicable to the circumstances of the people of the province, many of
whom were concerned in shipping,
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