Teacher or Preacher of the Gospel, as
such, or to any Religious Sect, Order or
Denomination, or to, or for the support,
use or benefit of, or in trust for, any
Minister, Public Teacher or Preacher of
the Gospel, as such, or any Religious
Sect, Order or Denomination; and every
gift or sale of goods, or chattels, to go in
succession, ' or to take place after the
death of the Seller or Donor, to or for
such support, use or benefit; and also
every devise of "goods or chattels to or
for the support, use or benefit of any
Minister, Public Teacher or Preacher of
the Gospel, as such, or any Religious
Sect, Order or Denomination, without
the prior, or subsequent, sanction of the
Legislature, shall be void; except always,
any sale, gift, lease or devise of any
quantity of land, not exceeding five
acres, for a church, meeting house, or
other house of worship, or parsonage,
or for a burying ground, which shall be
improved, enjoyed, or used only for such
purpose; or such sale, gift, lease, or de-
vise shall be void.
Art. 39. That the manner of admin-
istering an oath or affirmation to any
person, ought to be such as those of the
religious persuasion, profession, or de-
nomination, of which he is a member,
generally esteem the most effectual con-
firmation by the attestation of the
Divine Being.
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Art. 40. That the liberty of the press
ought to be inviolably preserved; that
every citizen of the State ought to be
allowed to speak, write and publish his
sentiments on all subjects, being respon-
sible for the abuse of that privilege.
Art. 41. That monopolies are odious,
contrary to the spirit of a free govern-
ment and the principles of commerce,
and ought not to be suffered.
Art. 42. That no title of nobility or
hereditary honors ought to be granted
in this State.
Art. 43. That the Legislature ought
to encourage the diffusion of knowledge
and virtue, the extension of a judicious
system of general education, the pro-
motion of literature, the arts, sciences,
agriculture, commerce and manufac-
tures, and the general melioration of the
condition of the People.
Art. 44. That the provisions of the
Constitution of the United States, and
of this State, apply, as well in time of
war, as in time of peace; and any
departure therefrom, or violation thereof,
under the plea of necessity, or any other
plea, is subversive of good Government,
and tends to anarchy and despotism.
Art. 45. This enumeration of Rights
shall not be construed to impair or deny
others retained by the People.
515
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