104

this is a very important item, and materially lessens the cost
of mining, and in the same measure increases the profits of
coal mining

Fire-brick Clay.—This is found in very large quantities
and of very superior quality in the coal measures of this
county, and has become a profitable branch of manufacture.

Iron Ore.—There are large quantities of this found in the
county, particularly in the Youghiogheny Valley, in the
the western part of the State. The ore embraces various ex-
cellent varieties, and lies contiguous to good coal for its re-
duction. Proper examinations will show this section of the
county to be veryfrich in this ore. Any more full descrip-
tion of the vast mineral resources of this county would be
out of place here, enough having been said, and is already
known, to attract attention to the mineral wealth of this re-
gion, and capitalists' will depend more on special examina-
tions made at their own instance than any general report.—
The county has large quantities of Whiteoak, Hemlock,
Wild Cherry and other timber, and a great amount of water-
power.

Limestone.—Accompanying the coal formation, large quan-
tities of bituminous limestone are found in parallel layers.—
This limestone is an integral part of the coal formation. On,
Martin's mountain, between Evatt's and Polish mountains,
it is also found in large quantities. Indeed the localities of
limestone are so numerous in this county, that a bare enum-
eration of them would take much space. They are more
than will ever b'e used, whether for roads, buildings ore
fluxes or agricultural purposes.

They are all Dolomites, containing from 8 to 40 per cent,
of Carbonate of Magnesia.

It has connection with both the east and west, by means of
the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, and with tide-water at
Georgetown, by means of the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal —
A Railroad also passes through the Eastern Coal Field, af-
fording every facility for the transportation of its coal.

The National Turnpike passes through this county, and
was at one time the sole line of communication between the
great Mississippi Valley and Baltimore city.

The county town is Cumberland, at the western terminus
of the Chesapeak and Ohio Canal, 179 miles distant from
Baltimore by the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, which passes
through it.

The great resources of this county has been as yet
but very partially developed, but vigorous efforts are now
being made, with every prospect of success, to unlock its
vast treasures and render them of use to all the great in-
terests of the country.