20

MARYLAND MANUAL.

only for such purpose; or such sale, gift, lease or devise shall
be void.

Vansant v. Roberts, Admr., 3 Md., 119. Grove v. Trustees of the
Disciples, S3 Md., 451. England, Ex'r, v. Vestry of P. George's Par.,
53 Md., 466. Church Extension Society v. Smith, 56 Md., 362. Hal-
sey v. Prot. Epis. Church, 75 Md., 275. Kelso v. Stigar, 75 Md., 376.
Rogers v. Sisters of Charity, 97 Md., 550.

Administer-
ing oaths.

Art. 39. That the manner of administering the oath or
affirmation to any person ought to be such as those of the
religious persuasion, profession, or denomination, of which
he is a member, generally esteem the most effectual confirma-
tion by the attestation of the Divine Being.

Liberty of
the press.

I Art. 40. That the liberty of the press ought to be inviol-
ably preserved; that every citizen of the State ought to be
allowed to speak, write and publish his sentiments on all
subjects, being responsible for the abuse of that privilege.
Negley v. Farrow, 60 Md., 148.

Monopolies.

Art. 41. That monopolies are odious, contrary to the spirit
of a free government and the principles of commerce, and
ought not to be suffered.

The Broadway and Locust Point Ferry Co. v. Hankey, 31 Md., 346.
Wright v. State, 88 Md., 443. Scholle v. State, 90 Md., 734.

Titles of no-
bility.

Art. 42. That no title or hereditary honors ought to be
granted in this State.

Duties of the
Legislature.

Art. 43. That the Legislature ought to encourage the dif-
fusion of knowledge and virtue, the extension of a judicious
system of general education, the promotion of literature, the
arts, sciences, agriculture, commerce and manufactures,' and
the general amelioration of the condition of the people.

Clark v. Md. Institute, 87 Md., 663.

Constitution a
apply In war
and peace.

Art. 44. That the provisions of the Constitution of the
United States, and of this State, apply as well in time of war
as in time of peace; and any departure therefrom, or viola-
tion thereof, under the .plea of necessity, or any other plea, is
subversive of good government and tends to anarchy and
despotism.

Rights retain-
ed by the
people.

Art. 45. This enumeration of Bights shall not be con-
strued to impair or deny others retained by the People.
Campbell's Case, 2 Bl., 209.