886 ADDRESSES AND STATE PAPERS

that tend to discriminate against any newcomer, regardless of race
or creed. Here, whites and Negroes share common bonds and inter-
ests, from pride in their new homes to worries over their new mort-
gages.

Finally, planned communities can prevent urban sprawl. Con-
veniently located new industry can provide work and attract modest
income families. Satellite communities not only eliminate blight
and alleviate crowding; they assure an alternative to simply shifting
blight through urban renewal dislocation and provide the potential
to prevent further neighborhood deterioration ultimately requiring
additional urban renewal projects.

I believe these two radical departures from present attempts to
answer the urban crisis are valid for they reach the root of the prob-
lem. A national welfare program will provide essential social stabil-
ity; a satellite city plan will encourage balanced development and
halt the build-up of abrasive crowding as well as economic and social
segregation.

A complete reappraisal of the complex functional relationships of
local, state and Federal governments in urban affairs is necessary.
The respective executive branches have a major role and respon-
sibility in this area, but Congress can contribute substantially to re-
vision of present policies and reform of present practices.

An unholy alliance between big cities and the Federal government
has developed which could devastate the principle and purpose of
our Federal system. There is a measure of historical justification for
this situation since state governments — prior to reapportionment —
often failed to take interest in, or responsibility for, urban problems.
However, this neglect has been largely corrected. Today, state govern-
ments are well prepared and eager to participate in urban programs.
We realize that the problem of America is the problem of the cities —
that one percent of American land where 70 percent of Americans
live. We recognize that almost every state's prosperity is ultimately
linked to its one or several commercial centers. If these are allowed
to decay or implode, the wealth of the entire state can erode and
eventually disappear.

Maryland, I believe, exemplifies this new determination on the
part of state governments. My inauguration coincided with the first
session of a reapportioned Legislature. In that session we enacted
a comprehensive fiscal reform program that provided additional rev-
enue and alternative revenue resources to Maryland's cities and
metropolitan areas. Baltimore City, alone, gained almost $50 million