x Preface.

On p. 496 we find the first allusion to the arrival of German
" Palatines" in the Province. These were inhabitants of the Palatinate
of the Rhine, which was ravaged and almost depopulated by the French
armies in 1688, and the following years. Several thousand of these
fugitives took refuge in England in 1709 whence some emigrated to
America, principally to New York and Pennsylvania, where they were
so kindly received that they invited over others of their countrymen.
Later, about 1732, there was a large influx of Germans to this country,
who are often referred to as " Palatines." Some of these may have
been the Salzburgers who were evicted by their Archbishop, some of
whom Gen. Oglethorpe settled in Georgia; but the name " Palatine,"
having become familiar, was given to any body of Protestant German
immigrants. It is interesting to note that, owing to the preponderant
numbers of the genuine Palatines, other German dialects were assimi-
lated to their speech, which became the foundation of the curious mixed
dialect known as " Pennsylvania Dutch."