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entrepreneur. PUBLIC CAREER. PROVINCIAL OF-
FICE: proprietor of Maryland, 1632-1675. OUT OF
COLONY SERVICE: M.P., 1634. STANDS ON PUB-
LIC/PRIVATE ISSUES: became increasingly disen-
chanted with the Jesuits and their adherents in the
late 1630s and early 1640s; skillfully lobbied in
England with the merchant community and Puri-
tan government to save his colony during the
years of the English Civil War and Common-
wealth government; shrewdly distributed patron-
age in colony to maintain support among Protes-
tants as well as Catholics; active promoter of
religious toleration. WEALTH AT DEATH. DIED: on
November 30, 1675, in Middlesex, England; size
of estate unknown.
CALVERT, CECILIUS (1667-1681). BORN: in
1667 in St. Mary's County; first son. NATIVE: sec-
ond generation. RESIDED: in St. Mary's County.
FAMILY BACKGROUND. FATHER Charles Calvert,
3rd Lord Baltimore (1637-1714/15). MOTHER:
Jane Lowe Sewall (?-1700). BROTHER: Benedict
Leonard Calvert, 4th Lord Baltimore (1679-1715).
HALF BROTHER: Nicholas Sewall (ca. 1655-1737).
SISTERS. Clare (1670-by 1694); Anne (1673-1731).
HALF SISTERS: Jane Sewall; Elizabeth Sewall;
Anne Sewall (?-1693); and Mary Sewall (?-
1693/94). PRIVATE CAREER. RELIGIOUS AFFILIA-
TION: Catholic. SOCIAL STATUS AND ACTIVITIES:
son and heir of the proprietor; died before he came
Of age. PUBLIC CAREER. PROVINCIAL OFFICES:
lieutenant general and governor, 1676-1679; held
these offices nominally, with real power being exe-
cuted by Deputy Governors Jesse Wharton (?-
1676) and Thomas Notley (1634-1679) and his fa-
ther, Lord Baltimore. WEALTH AT DEATH. DIED:
in 1681; size of estate unknown.
CALVERT, CHARLES, 3RD LORD
BALTIMORE (1637-1714/15). BORN: on August
27, 1637, in England; oldest surviving son. IMMI-
GRATED: in 1661 as a free adult with his wife. RE-
SIDED: in St. Mary's County; returned to England,
1684. FAMILY BACKGROUND. FATHER: Cecilius
Calvert, 2nd Lord Baltimore (1605-1675).
MOTHER: Anne (?-1649), daughter of Sir Thomas
Arundell, of Wardour, England. UNCLES Philip
Calvert (1626-1682); Leonard Calvert (ca. 1606-
1647). BROTHER: George (1634-1636). SISTERS:
Anne; Mary (1630-1663); and Elizabeth. FIRST
COUSINS: William Calvert (ca. 1642/43-1682);
George Talbot (?-?); and William Talbot (?-1691).
MARRIED first, ca. 1650 Mary, daughter of Ralph
Darnall, of Loughton, Herefordshire, England.
MARRIED second, in 1666 Jane (?-1700), widow of
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Henry Sewall (?-1665); daughter of Vincent Lowe,
of Denby, England. Her brothers were Vincent
Lowe (?-1692); Nicholas; Henry (?-1700), and
John (1616-?). Her sisters were Dorothy; Grace;
Anne; and Mary. MARRIED third, in 1701 Mary
Thorpe (?-1710). MARRIED fourth, Margaret (?-
1731), daughter of Thomas Charleton, of Hexham,
Northumberland, England. She subsequently mar-
ried in 1718 Lawrence Eliot. CHILDREN. SONS
Cecilius Calvert (1667-1681); Benedict Leonard
Calvert, 4th Lord Baltimore (1679-1715), who
married in 1698 Charlotte, daughter of Edward
Henry Lee (1663-1716); and Charles (1680-1733).
STEPSON Nicholas Sewall (ca. 1655-1737), who
married Susanna, daughter of William Burgess (ca.
1622-1686/87). DAUGHTERS: Clare (1670-by
1694), who married in 1690 Edward Maria Somer-
sett; Anne (1673-1731), who married first, in 1694
Edward Maria Somersett, and second, William
Parton, of Hoxton, Gloucestershire, England.
STEPDAUGHTERS: Jane Sewall, who married Philip
Calvert (1626-1682); Elizabeth Sewall, who mar-
ried first, Jesse Wharton (?-1676), and second,
William Digges (ca. 1650-1697); Anne Sewall (?-
1693), who married first, Benjamin Rozer (?-
1681), and second, Edward Pye (?-1696); and
Mary Sewall (?-1693/94), who married first, Wil-
liam Chandler (1652-1685), son of Job Chandler
(?-1659), and second, George Brent. PRIVATE CA-
REER. EDUCATION: literate, probably had extensive
schooling. RELIGIOUS AFFILIATION Catholic. SO-
CIAL STATUS AND ACTIVITIES: arrived as governor
and heir-apparent to the proprietorship of the col-
ony; married the widow of his close friend Henry
Sewall (?-1665), who immigrated with him; estab-
lished a residence at Mattapany. OCCUPATIONAL
PROFILE: placeman; colonial entrepreneur. PUBLIC
CAREER. PROVINCIAL OFFICES: receiver general,
1660; governor, 1661-1675; secretary, 1665-1666,
1667-1669, 1673-1673/74; collector of Patuxent,
1673-1675/76; proprietor of Maryland, 1675-
1714/15 (without governing rights, 1689-
1714/15). STANDS ON PUBLIC/PRIVATE ISSUES
expressed frequent discontent in the 1660s and the
1670s with the caliber and social standing of the
Council; often at odds with his uncle Philip Cal-
vert( 1626- 1682) and the latter's proteegee, Henry
Coursey (ca. 1629-1695); continued his father's
policy of religious toleration, and in particular
reached accommodation in the 1680s with the
Quakers; fashioned a close circle of political lead-
ers, almost exclusively Catholics, who were usu-
ally bound to him by blood kinship or marriage,
especially in the case of his Sewall stepchildren; his
struggles with William Penn over the northern
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