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paternal attitude toward the province in the face
of increasing demands by Marylanders for more
power, particularly in regard to the proprietor's
right to veto legislation enacted by the General
Assembly. WEALTH AT DEATH. DIED: on June 1,
1732, at sea on his way back to England. PER-
SONAL PROPERTY. TEV, £315.11.5 sterling,
£325.16.9 current money (including 1 slave and 2
servants); FB, £54.1.4 sterling, £125.0.3 current
money. Bequeathed one-third of his personal es-
tate to King William School in Annapolis "for the
encouragement and education of the youth."
CALVERT, BENEDICT LEONARD, 4TH
LORD BALTIMORE (1679-1715). BORN in
1679 in Maryland; oldest surviving son. NATIVE
second generation. RESIDED: in St. Mary's County;
England after 1684. FAMILY BACKGROUND. FA-
THER Charles Calvert, 3rd Lord Baltimore (1637-
1714/15). MOTHER: Jane Lowe Sewall (?-1700).
BROTHERS: Cecilius Calvert (1667-1681), Charles
(1680-1733). HALF BROTHER: Nicholas Sewall (ca.
1655-1737). SISTERS: Clare (1670-by 1694); Anne
(1673-1713). HALF SISTERS: Jane Sewall; Elizabeth
Sewall; Anne Sewall; and Mary Sewall. MARRIED
in 1698/99 Charlotte (?-1721), daughter of Ed-
ward Henry Lee (1663-1716), earl of Lichfield,
and wife Charlotte Fitzroy. Divorced in 1705,
Charlotte subsequently married in 1719 Christo-
pher Crewe. CHILDREN. SONS Charles Calvert, 5th
Lord Baltimore (1699-1751); Benedict Leonard
Calvert (1700-1732); Edward Henry Calvert
(1701-1730), who married Margaret Lee; and
Cecilius (1702-1765), principal secretary of Mary-
land, who served jointly with Thomas Beake from
January 1729/30 to February 1732/33, and alone
from 1751 until death. DAUGHTERS: Charlotte
(1702-1744), who married Thomas Brerewood;
Jane (1703-?), who married in 1720 John Hyde, of
Kingston Isle, Berkshire, England; Barbara (1704-
?); and Anne. PRIVATE CAREER. EDUCATION liter-
ate, probably had extensive schooling. RELIGIOUS
AFFILIATION Catholic, converted to Anglicanism
in 1713. SOCIAL STATUS AND ACTIVITIES: close
associate of Francis North, lord Guilford, who as
a member of the Board of Trade and a prominent
Tory, aided in obtaining the restoration of the pro-
prietary government and became guardian of
Charles Calvert. 5th Lord Baltimore, in 1715. AD-
DITIONAL COMMENTS: his mother-in-law, Char-
lotte Fitzroy. was the natural daughter of King
Charles II. OCCUPATIONAL PROFILE: lord propri-
etor of Maryland, 1714/15-1715. PUBLIC CAREER.
OUT OF COLONY SERVICE: M.P., (Tory), Harwich,
Essex, England, 1714-1715. STANDS ON PUBLIC/-
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PRIVATE ISSUES, his conversion to Protestantism
was an important condition leading to the restora-
tion of the colony to Calvert family as a propri-
etary colony. WEALTH DURING LIFETIME. PER-
SONAL PROPERTY: given £600 a year by his father
at the time of marriage, he was nevertheless often
in financial straits. He was dependent on Queen
Anne for support after his divorce, because his
fathering of illegitimate children by his house-
keeper and his religious conversion caused a break
with his father. Calvert received an annual pension
of £300 and an estimated £1,500 in arrears of cus-
toms duties from Maryland, 1713/14-1714/15.
His father claimed to have paid a considerable
amount of his son's debts and was paying for the
education of his grandchildren. WEALTH AT
DEATH. DIED: on April 16, 1715, at Epsom,
Surrey, England; size of estate unknown.
CALVERT, CECILIUS, 2ND LORD
BALTIMORE (1605-1675). BORN: on August 8,
1605, in Kent County, England; first son. RE-
SIDED: in England, never immigrated to Maryland.
FAMILY BACKGROUND. FATHER: Sir George Cal-
vert, 1st Lord Baltimore (1578/79-1632).
MOTHER: Anne (1579-1622), daughter of George
Mynne. BROTHERS: Leonard Calvert (ca. 1606-
1647); George (1613-1634); Francis; Henry; and
John (1618-1618/19). HALF BROTHER: Philip Cal-
vert (1626-1682). SISTERS: Anne, who married
William Peasley; Dorothy; Elizabeth; Grace
(1614-?), who married in 1631/32 Sir Robert Tal-
bot, of Carton, England; and Helen (1615-1655),
who married James Talbot, of Ballyconnell, Ire-
land. MARRIED in 1627/28 Anne (?-1649), daugh-
ter of Sir Thomas Arundell, of Wardour, England.
CHILDREN. SONS: George (1634-1636); Charles
Calvert, 3rd Lord Baltimore (1637-1714/15), who
married first, ca. 1650 Mary, daughter of Ralph
Darnall, of Loughton, Herefordshire, England,
second, in 1666 Jane (?-1700), widow of Henry
Sewall (?-1665) and daughter of Vincent Lowe, of
Denby, England, third, in 1701 Mary Thorpe (?-
1710), and fourth, Margaret (?-1731), daughter of
Thomas Charleton, of Hexham, Northumberland,
England. DAUGHTERS: Anne; Mary (1630-1663),
who married ca. 1650 Sir William Blakiston, of
Gibside, Durham, England; and Elizabeth. PRI-
VATE CAREER. EDUCATION: literate; entered Trin-
ity College, Oxford University, 1621. RELIGIOUS
AFFILIATION. Catholic. SOCIAL STATUS AND AC-
TIVITIES succeeded his father as Lord Baltimore in
1632 and settled Maryland, the charter for which
George Calvert had first obtained from the king.
OCCUPATIONAL PROFILE: colonial investor and
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