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MAP #: 364B5

CARTOGRAPHER : BRITISH ORDNANCE SURVEY

DATE: 1864

SHORT TITLE : RICHMOND

REMAINING TITLE & ID : (BLOCK LETTERS, CENTER TOP, ABOVE NEAT LINES). SCALE OF 100 MILES AT 10 MILES TO THE INCH (CENTER BOTTOM, BELOW NEAT LINE). "CONSTRUCTED AND ENGRAVED AT THE ORDNANCE SURVEY OFFICE SOUTHAMPTON IN 1864 COLONEL SIR HENRY JAMES R.E., F.R.S., M.R.I.A. &c DIRECTOR" (UNDER SCALE). "KINGSTON" (UNDER TITLE). "LYNCHBURG" (LEFT MARGIN). "WILMINGTON" (ABOVE SCALE). LONGITUDE WEST FROM GREENWICH (TOP AND BOTTOM BORDERS). LATITUDE (RIGHT AND LEFT BORDERS).

DATE OF PUBLICATION : S1864
PLACE OF PUBLICATION : LONDON
PUBLISHER : BRITISH ORDNANCE SURVEY OFFICE
LANGUAGE(S) : EN
SIZE (HEIGHT X WIDTH) : ? X ? CM.
SIZE - OTHER DATA : ? X ? CM. OM
SCALE - (RF) 1: : 633,600
SCALE - OTHER DATA : 10 MILES = 1 INCH
LIB. OF CONGRESS # : -
Md. HALL OF RECORDS # 1 : MSA SC1399-445
HUNTINGFIELD ACQ. # 1 : BB023-DGD
REGION CATEGORY : GENERAL MAP OF INTEREST TO A MD/CHESAPEAKE COLLECTION (3)
SPECIAL CATEGORY(IES) :
# SHEETS TO MAP : 4
MAP ORIENTATION : N IS AT THE TOP OF THE MAP
RELIEF SHOWN ? : NO
HYDROGRAPHIC DATA : NONE.
CARTOUCHE : NONE (1)
BORDER : SIMPLE FUNCTIONAL (5)
PRIME MERIDIAN(S) : GREENWICH (1)
SEE ALSO MAP #s : -
BEST INFO SOURCE : MUMFORD & CLARK AND PAPENFUSE & COALE ARE BOTH HELPFUL.
DESCRIPTION : THIS MAP COVERS FROM PHILADELPHIA TO PAMPLICO SOUND AND FROM BARNEGAT BAY, NEW JERSEY TO WEST OF RICHMOND, VIRGINIA, INCLUDING ALL OF THE CHESAPEAKE AND DELAWARE BAYS. PAPENFUSE & COALE INDICATE THAT THIS MAP, BECAUSE OF ITS TITLE, WAS PROBABLY PREPARED FOR THE USE OF THE CONFEDERACY. THEY TERM IT A "FINE SUMMARY MAP THAT CORRECTED A NUMBER OF GEOGRAPHICAL ERRORS COMMONLY FOUND ON OTHER AMERICAN MAPS OF THE SAME OR SLIGHTLY EARLIER VINTAGE. FOR EXAMPLE, THE ACTUAL SHAPE OF SMITH ISLAND, LOCATED ON THE THIRTY-EIGHTH PARALLEL AND THROUGH WHICH THE SOUTHERN BOUNDARY OF MARYLAND PURPORTEDLY PASSES, WAS NOT KNOWN TO ALEXANDER, WHO SIMPLY COPIED LUCAS'S BAY CHART." (SEE MAP # 332L5).

SIR HENRY JAMES BECAME THE HEAD OF THE TOPOGRAPHICAL AND STATISTICAL DEPOT OF THE WAR OFFICE, ON ITS REORGANIZATION IN 1857. OVERSEAS MILITARY MAPPING AND GEOGRAPHY WERE ADDED TO THE DOMESTIC TASKS OF THE ORDNANCE SURVEY OF THE UNITED KINGDOM. JAMES, WITH THE HELP OF HIS AIDE, J. O'FARRELL, WORKED OUT A GEOMETRICAL PROJECTION INTO A RECTANGULAR TANGENTIAL PROJECTION OF THE SPHERE, WHICH WAS DEVELOPED INTO A SERIES OF LIMITED CONSTRUCTIONS FOR THE FIVE CONTINENTAL MASSES, WITH REGULAR SHEETLINES FOR MAPS AT THE SCALE OF TEN MILES TO THE INCH. HIS 1868 ATLAS PORTFOLIO DESCRIBES HIS OBJECTIVES, AND THESE WERE TO MAP THE WORLD, HOPEFULLY WITH OTHER COUNTRIES ADOPTING HIS SHEETLINES AND THE GREENWICH MERIDIAN. THERE IS AN INDEX TO SHEETS OF NORTH AMERICA FOR THIS PROJECTION, WHICH SHOWS THE SCHEME, DIVIDED INTO SHEETS FOR NORTHEAST AMERICA AND CANADA. THERE WERE AT LEAST 15 SHEETS COMPLETED IN THIS AREA AND POSSIBLY AS MANY AS 6 MORE WERE PUBLISHED LOCALLY IN BRITISH COLUMBIA BY THE ROYAL ENGINEER ESTABLISHMENT. THE NAMES "KINGSTON", "LYNCHBURG" AND "WILMINGTON" IN THE TOP, LEFT AND BOTTOM MARGINS INDICATE THE NAMES OF THE ADJOINING SHEETS.

THE THRUST WENT OUT OF THE PROJECT AT THE END OF THE CIVIL WAR. JAMES, TOGETHER WITH THE ORDNANCE SURVEY, WAS REMOVED FROM THE WAR OFFICE TO THE OFFICE OF WORKS IN 1870, FOLLOWING CARDWELL'S RECONSTRUCTION OF THE WAR OFFICE IN 1868. THE SUCCESSOR TO JAMES DID NOT FOLLOW THROUGH THE UNDERTAKING TO COMPLETION.

DATA IS FROM PAPENFUSE & COALE AND FROM A LETTER FROM IAN MUMFORD TO PAPENFUSE DATED JUNE 3, 1983.

EDITION & STATE INFO : ONLY A SINGLE EDITION AND STATE OF THIS MAP IS KNOWN TO THE WRITER.

HFC OWNERSHIP DATA : THE HUNTINGFIELD COLLECTION HAS AN EXCELLENT COPY OF THIS MAP, WITH A WATERMARK OF 1867, INDICATING THAT THE ACTUAL PRINTING OF OUR COPY OF THE MAP MUST HAVE OCCURRED LATER THAN THE DATE ON THE PUBLISHER'S STATEMENT ON THE MAP. IT HAS AN ACQ. # OF BB023-DGD AND A MDHR # OF MSA SC1399-445.

BIBLIGRAPHICAL REFS. : PRIVATE LETTER FROM IAN MUMFORD TO EDWARD C. PAPENFUSE DATED JUNE 3, 1983 (FROM WHICH MOST BUT THE PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION OF THE MAP WAS TAKEN); MUMFORD, IAN & PETER K. CLARK, TOMORROW THE WORLD SIR HENRY JAMES' MAP OF THE WORLD AT TEN MILES TO AN INCH, A PAPER PRESENTED AT THE ELEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON THE HISTORY OF CARTOGRAPHY BY IAN MUMFORD, OTTAWA: JULY, 1985; PAPENFUSE, EDWARD C. & JOSEPH M. COALE III, ATLAS OF HISTORICAL MAPS OF MARYLAND 1608-1908, BALTIMORE: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1982, 73,76 (FIG. 83).

February 13, 1992


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