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MAP #: 360C5

CARTOGRAPHER : CAMP, JOHN DE LA & N. MICHLER

DATE: 1860

SHORT TITLE : SOUTHERN BOUNDARY OF MARYLAND

REMAINING TITLE & ID : BETWEEN SMITH'S POINT AND THE ATLANTIC LAID DOWN IN CONFORMITY WITH THE AGREEMENT MADE JUNE 25, 1668 BETWEEN PHILIP CALVERT, CHANCELLOR OF MARYLAND AND EDMUND SCARBRUGH, SURVEYOR GENl. OF VIRGINIA COMMISSIONERS EMPOWERED TO FIX THE BOUNDS OF MARYLAND AND VIRGINIA ON THE EASTERN SHORE OF CHESAPEAKE BAY AND WITH THE PROVISIONS OF THE ACT OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF MARYLAND JANUARY SESSION 1860, CHAP. 385. COMPILED FROM THE ORIGINAL MAPS OF THE SURVEY MADE IN 1858 BY LIEUT. N. MICHLER, U.S. TOPl. ENGrs. UNDER THE DIRECTION OF THE PRESENT COMMISSIONERS OF THE TWO STATES AND FROM MAPS AND OTHER DATA OBTAINED FROM THE OFFICE OF THE U.S. COAST SURVEY BY JOHN DE LA CAMP, C.E. 1860 (NO CARTOUCHE, RIGHT OF CENTER AT TOP). SCALE OF 10 MILES ON A PROJECTION OF 1:128,000 (BELOW TITLE). "ENGRAVED BY W.H. DOUGAL." (RIGHT BOTTOM MARGIN, OUTSIDE NEAT LINE). "PUBLISHED BY AUTHORITY OF THE EXECUTIVE OF MARYLAND" (BOTTOM RIGHT CORNER). "THOs. J. LEE COMMISSIONER" (IN SCRIPT, BELOW THE PUBLISHER'S STATEMENT). "900" (LEFT BOTTOM MARGIN, OUTSIDE NEAT LINE, APPARENTLY STAMPED ON). LONGITUDE WEST FROM GREENWICH (TOP AND BOTTOM BORDERS). LATITUDE (RIGHT AND LEFT BORDERS).

DATE OF PUBLICATION : S1860
PLACE OF PUBLICATION : BALTIMORE [?]
PUBLISHER : STATE OF MARYLAND
LANGUAGE(S) : EN
SIZE (HEIGHT X WIDTH) : 27.7 X 78.8 CM.
SIZE - OTHER DATA : ? X ? CM. OM
SCALE - (RF) 1: : 128,000
SCALE - OTHER DATA : 10 MILES = 13.9 CM.
LIB. OF CONGRESS # : G3841 .F4 1860 .D4
Md. HALL OF RECORDS # 1 : MSA SC1399-391 (REPRO)
HFC ACQ. PRIORITY : 3
HUNTINGFIELD ACQ. # 1 : -
REGION CATEGORY : DETAILED MAP OF PART OF THE MD/CHESAPEAKE AREA (3)
SPECIAL CATEGORY(IES) :
# SHEETS TO MAP : 1
MAP ORIENTATION : N IS AT THE TOP OF THE MAP
RELIEF SHOWN ? : YES
HYDROGRAPHIC DATA : NONE.
CARTOUCHE : NONE (1)
BORDER : SIMPLE FUNCTIONAL (5)
PRIME MERIDIAN(S) : GREENWICH (1)
SEE ALSO MAP #s : -
BEST INFO SOURCE : PAPENFUSE & COALE AND MATHEWS ARE EXCELLENT ON THE DISPUTE.
DESCRIPTION : THIS MAP WAS PREPARED BY JOHN DE LA CAMP FROM MAPS BASED ON A SURVEY OF LIEUT. N. MICHLER OF THE U.S. TOPOGRAPHICAL ENGINEERS, WHO HAD BEEN ASSIGNED TO MARYLAND. THE ORIGINAL SURVEY WORK IN 1858 BY MICHLER, DONE AS A DIRECT RESULT OF 1852 MARYLAND LEGISLATION, WAS INCORPORATED IN A MAP OF FIFTEEN SHEETS, 21.25 X 44 INCHES, SETS OF WHICH WERE DEPOSITED IN RICHMOND AND ANNAPOLIS. A COPY OF THIS EXTREMELY DETAILED ORIGINAL SURVEY IS IN THE MARYLAND HALL OF RECORDS. MICHLER RESURVEYED THE LINE ESTABLISHED FROM THE POCOMOKE RIVER TO THE ATLANTIC OCEAN BY PHILIP CALVERT OF MARYLAND AND EDMUND SCARBRUGH OF VIRGINIA IN 1668. MICHLER WAS ABLE TO FIND THE MARKERS AND RESURVEY THAT LINE IN DETAIL. HE FOUND THAT THE LINE DID NOT GO EXACTLY EAST, BUT WAS LAID OUT ON MAGNETIC EAST, WHICH CAUSED THE LINE TO TREND NORTH BY OVER A MILE AT THE OCEAN. MORE IMPORTANTLY, HE LOCATED WATKINS POINT AT THE NORTHERN MOUTH OF THE LITTLE ANNAMESSEX RIVER, SOME 4 MILES NORTH OF CEDAR STRAITS. THE MAP USED BY JOHN DE LA CAMP IN HIS 1860 REPORT PUBLISHED BY MARYLAND FOR USE IN THE BOUNDARY ARGUMENTS, IGNORED THE MICHLER LOCATION OF WATKINS POINT AND TOOK THE LINE DIRECTLY FROM SMITH'S POINT AT THE SOUTHERN MOUTH OF THE POTOMAC TO THE NORTHERN SHORE OF CEDAR STRAITS, THUS PUTTING ALL OF SMITH'S ISLAND IN MARYLAND AND IGNORING CONSIDERABLE LOCAL EVIDENCE TO THE CONTRARY. AT DISPUTE WAS TWENTY-THREE SQUARE MILES OF AREA, WHICH CONTAINED FIVE THOUSAND ACRES OF LAND AND FIFTEEN THOUSAND ACRES OF MARSH AND JURISDICTION OVER THE OYSTER BEDS IN THE TANGIER AND POCOMOKE SOUNDS.

THE INTERVENTION OF THE WAR DELAYED THE SETTLEMENT OF THE DISPUTE UNTIL 1873, WHEN EXTENSIVE ORAL TESTIMONY WAS TAKEN FROM LOCAL RESIDENTS. FINALLY, IN 1877, A THREE MAN ARBITRATION PANEL (WITH ONE DISSENT) DECIDED ON A BROKEN LINE THAT PUT PART OF SMITH'S ISLAND IN VIRGINIA AND GAVE ALL THE LAND AND MARSH NORTH OF CEDAR STRAITS AND WEST OF THE POCOMOKE RIVER TO MARYLAND AND SHARED TANGIER SOUND BELOW JAMES ISLAND AND POCOMOKE BAY BETWEEN THEM. THE BOUNDARY DEFINED IN THIS ARBITRATION HAS REMAINED IN TACT, BUT WAS LATER SUPPLEMENTED BY COOPERATIVE OYSTER BED AGREEMENTS BETWEEN THE STATES.

DATA IS FROM PAPENFUSE & COALE AND E.B. MATHEWS.

EDITION & STATE INFO : ONLY A SINGLE EDITION AND STATE OF THIS PRINTED MAP WAS PUBLISHED, ALTHOUGH THE MAP WAS REDUCED FROM A 15 SHEET ORIGINAL SURVEY MAP BY LT. N. MICHLER.

HFC OWNERSHIP DATA : THE HUNTINGFIELD COLLECTION HAS A FULL SIZE PHOTOCOPY OF THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS COPY OF THIS MAP. IT HAS A MDHR # OF MSA SC1399-391 (REPRO).

BIBLIGRAPHICAL REFS. : MATHEWS, EDWARD B,, "BIBLIOGRAPHY AND CARTOGRAPHY OF MARYLAND", IN MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, V.I, PART IV, BALTIMORE: JOHNS HOPKINS PRESS, 1897, 374; MATHEWS, EDWARD B., "THE MAPS AND MAP-MAKERS OF MARYLAND", IN MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, V. II, PART IIIb, BALTIMORE: JOHNS HOPKINS PRESS, 1897, 437-439; PHILLIPS, PHILIP LEE, A LIST OF MAPS OF AMERICA IN THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS, NEW YORK: BURT FRANKLIN, UNDATED REPRINT OF A 1901 LIBRARY OF CONGRESS PUBLICATION, 397; PAPENFUSE, EDWARD C. & JOSEPH M. COALE III, ATLAS OF HISTORICAL MAPS OF MARYLAND 1608-1908, BALTIMORE: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1982, 117-118, FIG. 135, FIG 138; JONES, ISAAC D., REPORT OF THE COMMISSIONERS APPOINTED BY THE LEGISLATURES OF MARYLAND AND VIRGINIA ON THE EASTERN SHORE OF CHESAPEAKE BAY, ANNAPOLIS: STATE OF MARYLAND, 1868; LEE, THOS. J., SOUTHERN BOUNDARY OF MARYLAND, 1860; MCDONALD, A., EXTRACT FROM THE REPORT OF COL. A. MCDONALD IN MARCH, 1861 TO THE GOVERNOR OF VIRGINIA, [ETC] MARYLAND SENATE AND HOUSE DOCUMENTS, 1872; WISE, HENRY A., ET. AL., REPORT AND ACCOMPANYING DOCUMENTS OF THE VIRGINIA COMMISSIONERS APPOINTED TO ASCERTAIN THE BOUNDARY LINE BETWEEN MARYLAND AND VIRGINIA, RICHMOND: 1873 (AND APPENDIX, ATLAS); ANONYMOUS, FINAL REPORTS OF THE VIRGINIA COMMISSIONERS ON THE MARYLAND AND VIRGINIA BOUNDARY TO THE GOVERNOR OF VIRGINIA, RICHMOND: 174; JONES, ISAAC D., REPORT AND JOURNAL OF PROCEEDINGS OF THE JOINT COMMISSIONERS TO ADJUST THE BOUNDARY LINE OF THE STATES OF MARYLAND AND VIRGINIA, ANNAPOLIS: MARYLAND SENATE AND HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, 1874.

December 14, 1991


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