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MAP #: 357S5

CARTOGRAPHER : SOCIETY FOR THE DIFFUSION OF USEFUL KNOWLEDGE

DATE: 1857

SHORT TITLE : NORTH AMERICA SHEET VII PENNSYLVANIA, NEW JERSEY, MARYLAND,

REMAINING TITLE & ID : DELAWARE, COLUMBIA AND PART OF VIRGINIA. PUBLISHED UNDER THE SUPERINTENDENCE OF THE SOCIETY FOR THE DIFFUSION OF USEFUL KNOWLEDGE. (BOTTOM RIGHT CORNER). ABBREVIATIONS AND SYMBOLS USED ON THE MAP IN 7 LINES (UNDER TITLE). "TANNER, GORDON." (LEFT BOTTOM MARGIN). "LONDON, EDWARD STANFORD 6 CHARING CROSS." (CENTER BOTTOM MARGIN). "136" (RIGHT OF PUBLISHER'S IMPRINT). "J. & C. WALKER, SCULP." (RIGHT BOTTOM MARGIN). "LAKE ERIE" (TOP LEFT CORNER IN THE BORDERS). SCALE IN ENGLISH MILES 68.9 = 1 DEGREE (CENTER RIGHT MARGIN, ORIENTED RIGHT). MAP EXTENDS THROUGH THE NEAT LINE ON THE UPPER RIGHT. THERE IS NOTHING ON THE REVERSE SIDE. THE PAPER HAS NO WATERMARK. LONGITUDE WEST FROM GREENWICH (TOP AND BOTTOM BORDERS). LATITUDE (RIGHT AND LEFT BORDERS).

DATE OF PUBLICATION : R1857-73 (1829)
PLACE OF PUBLICATION : LONDON
PUBLISHER : EDWARD STANFORD
LANGUAGE(S) : EN
SIZE (HEIGHT X WIDTH) : 36.8 X 31.9 CM.
SIZE - OTHER DATA : ? X ? CM. OM
SCALE - (RF) 1: : 1,750,000
SCALE - OTHER DATA : 68.9 ENGLISH MILES = 1 DEGREE
LIB. OF CONGRESS # : -
Md. HALL OF RECORDS # 1 : MSA SC1399-105
# 2 : MSA SC1399-171 (1833 STATE)
# 3 : MSA SC1399-103 (1846-1851 STATE)
HUNTINGFIELD ACQ. # 1 : BB023-DHN
# 2 : BB023 2N (1833 STATE)
# 3 : BA025-DHG (1846-1851 STATE)
REGION CATEGORY : MAP ON WHICH THE MD/CHESAPEAKE AREA IS ONE MAIN FOCUS (1)
SPECIAL CATEGORY(IES) :
# SHEETS TO MAP : 1
MAP ORIENTATION : N IS AT THE TOP OF THE MAP
RELIEF SHOWN ? : YES
HYDROGRAPHIC DATA : NONE.
CARTOUCHE : NONE (1)
BORDER : GEOGRAPHICALLY FUNCTIONAL (8)
PRIME MERIDIAN(S) : LONDON (1)
SEE ALSO MAP #s : 333S5, 346S5.
BEST INFO SOURCE : PHILLIPS ATLASES AND PERCIVAL ARE THE BEST FOUND.
DESCRIPTION : THIS MAP IS THE 1857-73 STATE OF ONE WHICH ORIGINALLY APPEARED IN 1829 IN A PORTFOLIO OF MAPS PUBLISHED FROM 1829 TO 1835 ENTITLED A SERIES OF MAPS, MODERN AND ANCIENT UNDER THE SUPERINTENDENCE OF THE SOCIETY FOR THE DIFFUSION OF USEFUL KNOWLEDGE, 108 MAPS, FOL, LONDON: BALDWIN & CRADOCK, AS MAP # 41. THE FOLLOWING NOTE APPEARED ON THE BACK PAGE OF THE TERRESTRIAL GLOBE, IN SIX MAPS...UNDER THE SUPERINTENDENCE OF THE SOCIETY... IN 1831, AS AN ADVERTISEMENT: "PORTFOLIOS FOR THE MAPS-PRICE 7S. ** A VERY IMPERFECT ATTEMPT HAVING BEEN MADE TO IMITATE THESE PORTFOLIOS, AND COPIES OF SUCH IMITATION HAVING BEEN SUPPLIED BY SOME BOOKSELLERS,TO THE DISCREDIT OF THE ORIGINAL CONSTRUCTOR; THE PUBLIC ARE RESPECTFULLY INFORMED THAT THE GENUINE ONES MAY BE DISTINGUISHED BY HAVING ON THE OUTER COVER A HANDSOMELY ENGRAVED LABEL, WITH THE WORDS: "A SERIES OF MAPS, MODERN AND ANCIENT, PUBLISHED UNDER THE SUPERINTENDENCE OF THE SOCIETY FOR THE DIFFUSION OF USEFUL KNOWLEDGE. LONDON, BALDWIN AND CRADOCK"-AND WITHIN THE COVER A LIST OF THE SOCIETY'S PUBLICATIONS. THUS, ATTEMPTS WERE MADE TO COPY THE MAPS ILLEGALLY.

THIS MAP FROM THE SAME PLATE IN REVISED FORM WAS PUBLISHED AT LEAST UNTIL THE LATE 1800S. FROM 1846-1851, IT WAS IN A PUBLICATION ENTITLED MAPS OF THE SOCIETY...,A NEW EDITION, CORRECTED TO THE PRESENT TIME IN 3 VOLUMES CONTAINING A TOTAL OF 208 MAPS, FOLIO, LONDON: CHARLES KNIGHT. VOLUME 2, WHICH HAS THE MAPS OF NORTH AMERICA, WAS FIRST PUBLISHED IN 1846. THIS MAP APPEARED AS # 136. IT WAS LATER PUBLISHED BY G. COX FROM 1852-3 AND EDWARD STANFORD FROM 1857-73. THE MAP DESCRIBED HEREIN WAS FROM THIS PUBLICATION. LATER EDITIONS WERE REVISED. THE NAME REV. JAMES MICKLEBURGH APPEARS ON MOST OF THE PUBLICATIONS CONTAINING THE MAP.

BACKGROUND ON THE SOCIETY THAT FOLLOWS IS FROM JANET PERCIVAL'S ESSAY AND HANDLIST. THE SOCIETY WAS FOUNDED IN 1826, LARGELY AT THE INSTIGATION OF LORD HENRY BROUGHAM TO IMPART USEFUL INFORMATION TO ALL CLASSES OF THE COMMUNITY, PARTICULARLY TO THOSE WITH NO ACCESS TO EXPERIENCED TEACHERS. IT ACTED AS AN INTERMEDIARY BETWEEN AUTHORS AND PUBLISHERS IN SEVERAL DIFFERENT AND AMBITIOUS SERIES OF PUBLICATIONS. IT FIXED THE FORM AND SELLING PRICE OF TREATISES, FREQUENCY OF PUBLICATION AND PAYMENTS TO AUTHORS. THE PUBLISHER MADE ARRANGEMENTS WITH THE PRINTER AND ORGANIZED THE DISTRIBUTION AND SALE OF PUBLICATIONS. "THE SOCIETY ORIGINALLY INTENDED TO PRODUCE AN ANCIENT AND A MODERN ATLAS, WITH MAPS SELLING AT 6d EACH PLAIN, 9d COLORED. WORK ON THE ATLAS, WITH SIR FRANCIS BEAUFORT AS EDITOR, BEGAN IN 1829, AND WAS NOT COMPLETED UNTIL 1843. THE POSITION WAS COMPLICATED BY TROUBLES WITH PUBLISHERS. BALDWIN AND CRADOCK PUBLISHED SOME MAPS; THE FAILURE OF THE FIRM IN 1837 LED TO PROTRACTED LITIGATION, AND THE SOCIETY FOR A TIME ACTED AS ITS OWN PUBLISHER; AFTER 1841 THE PUBLICATION WAS TAKEN UP BY CHAPMAN AND HALL, AND FINALLY, IN JULY 1844, THE EXCLUSIVE RIGHT OF PUBLISHING MAPS WAS HANDED OVER TO CHARLES KNIGHT."

RISTOW STATES THAT, "IN LONDON, AROUND 1829, THE SOCIETY FOR THE DIFFUSION OF USEFUL KNOWLEDGE BEGAN ISSUING A SERIES OF DRY POINT STEEL-ENGRAVED MAPS OF VARIOUS PARTS OF THE WORLD...THE PRACTICE OF REPRODUCTIVE ENGRAVING ON STEEL AROSE IN THE EARLY NINETEENTH CENTURY FROM THE DEMAND FOR A LARGER NUMBER OF PRINTS THAN COULD BE OBTAINED FROM A COPPERPLATE WITHOUT WEAR. STEEL IS, OF COURSE, MUCH TOUGHER AND HARDER TO WORK UPON, AND MECHANICAL AIDS, SUCH AS RULING MACHINES WERE RESORTED TO."

DATA IS PRIMARILY FROM PERCIVAL, PHILLIPS ATLASES, RISTOW, TOOLEY'S DICTIONARY AND FROM OBSERVATION OF THE COPIES IN THE HUNTINGFIELD COLLECTION.

EDITION & STATE INFO : THIS MAP APPEARED IN MANY STATES, WITH NUMEROUS IMPRINT CHANGES AND SOME ALTERATIONS IN THE DATA OVER A PERIOD OF AROUND 50 YEARS. THE HUNTINGFIELD COLLECTION POSSESSES THREE STATES, AND A NUMBER OF OTHERS ARE KNOWN. SINCE THE MAP FIRST APPEARED IN 1829, THERE MUST HAVE BEEN AN EARLIER STATE THAN THE ONE WHICH CARRIES AN 1833 DATE. ADDITIONAL WORK MUST BE DONE TO IDENTIFY ALL THE STATES OF THE MAP AND THEIR SEQUENCE. THE MAPS UP THROUGH 1873 ALL APPEAR TO BE FROM THE SAME PLATE.

1ST STATE - (1829) - THIS MAP HAS NOT BEEN SEEN, BUT BECAUSE OF ITS DATE MUST HAVE APPEARED EARLIER THAN THE 1833 STATE. THE PUBLISHER WAS BALDWIN & CRADOCK.

ANOTHER STATE - (1833) - UNLIKE LATER ISSUES, IT DOES NOT HAVE THE WORDS "LAKE ERIE" AT THE EXTREME TOP LEFT CORNER FROM THE LATITUDE TO THE LONGITUDE MARGINS AND UNDERLINED BY THE EDGE OF THE LAKE. THE C & O CANAL IS ENTITLED THE "POTOMAC CANAL" UNDER "MONTGOMERY" IN MONTGOMERY COUNTY. ITS FULL NAME IS GIVEN IN PENNSYLVANIA. SEE MAP # 333S5.

ANOTHER STATE - (1846-51) - THE IMPRINT IS ON A SINGLE LINE READING "LONDON, CHARLES KNIGHT & Co. 22 LUDGATE STREET". "136", IDENTIFYING THE MAP # IS BETWEEN THE 76 AND 77 LONGITUDE MARKS IN THE BOTTOM MARGIN. THE WORDS "LAKE ERIE" NOW APPEAR IN THE EXTREME TOP LEFT CORNER. THE C & O CANAL IS NOW ENTITLED "OHIO CANAL" UNDER "MONTGOMERY" IN MONTGOMERY COUNTY AND ITS FULL NAME IS GIVEN IN PENNSYLVANIA. THREE LINES OF ABBREVIATIONS USED IN THE MAP ARE ADDED UNDER THE TITLE. SEE MAP # 346S5.

ANOTHER STATE - (1852-3)- THE IMPRINT CARRIES THE NAME OF G. COX.

ANOTHER STATE - (1857-73)- THE IMPRINT READS "LONDON, EDWARD STANFORD 6 CHARING CROSS." "136" REMAINS IN THE BOTTOM MARGIN, ALONG WITH "TANNER, GORDON." AND "J. & C. WALKER SCULP.". IN THE RIGHT TOP MARGIN IN LARGE NUMBERS IS "136", AGAIN REPRESENTING THE MAP NUMBER. 4 ADDITIONAL LINES OF SYMBOLS ARE ADDED UNDER THE TITLE AND EXISTING AND PROPOSED RAILROADS ARE ADDED TO THE MAP. THIS IS THE MAP DESCRIBED HEREIN.

LATER STATES - (1873--) - TOOLEY'S DICTIONARY INDICATES THAT LATER EDITIONS WERE REVISED, BUT WRITER HAS NOT SEEN SAMPLES OF THEM TO KNOW HOW THEY WERE REVISED OR THEIR DATES.

HFC OWNERSHIP DATA : THE HUNTINGFIELD COLLECTION HAS A COPY IN OUTLINE COLORINGF THE MAP. IT HAS AN ACQ. # OF BB023-DHN AND A MDHR # OF MSA SC1399-105. THE COLLECTION HAS A COPY OF THE 1833 STATE WITH COUNTIES AND STATES MARKED IN OUTLINE COLORING. IT HAS AN ACQ # OF BB023-2N AND A MDHR # OF MSA SC1399-171. THE COLLECTION ALSO HAS A COPY IN BLACK AND WHITE OF THE STATE WITH THE IMPRINT OF CHARLES KNIGHT & CO., ISSUED FROM 1846 TO 1851, WITH AN ACQ. # OF BA025-DHG, AND A MDHR # OF MSA SC1399-103.

BIBLIGRAPHICAL REFS. : PHILLIPS, PHILIP LEE, A LIST OF GEOGRAPHICAL ATLASES IN THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS, AMSTERDAM: THEATRVM ORBIS TERRARVM, LTD., A 1971 REPRINT OF A 1909 LIBRARY OF CONGRESS PUBLICATION, I, 447-8, # 753, MAP # 41; 472-3, # 793; 481-2, # 811, MAP # 136; IV, 186-9, # 4326, MAP # 136 OF V.2; TOOLEY, R. V., TOOLEY'S DICTIONARY OF MAPMAKERS, TRING, HERTFORDSHIRE: MAP COLLECTOR'S PUBLICATIONS, LTD., 1979, 588; P. J. RADFORD CATALOG A12, LONDON: P. J. RADFORD, 1974, ITEM 122; PERCIVAL, JANET, THE SOCIETY FOR THE DIFFUSION OF USEFUL KNOWLEDGE 1826-1848, LONDON: THE LIBRARY UNIVERSITY COLLEGE, 1978 (A HAND TYPED HANDLIST OF THE SOCIETY'S CORRESPONDENCE AND PAPERS); MATHEWS, EDWARD B., "BIBLIOGRAPHY AND CARTOGRAPHY OF MARYLAND". IN MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY SPECIAL PUBLICATION, VOL. 1, PART IV, BALTIMORE: JOHNS HOPKINS PRESS, 1897, 365 (1833 STATE); RISTOW, WALTER W., AMERICAN MAPS AND MAPMAKERS COMMERCIAL CARTOGRAPHY IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURY, DETROIT: WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1985, 308.

August 1, 1991


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