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MAP #: 294H5

CARTOGRAPHER : HOLLAND, CAPTAIN N.

DATE: 1794

SHORT TITLE : A NEW CHART OF THE COAST OF NORTH AMERICA

REMAINING TITLE & ID : FROM NEW YORK TO CAPE HATTERAS INCLUDING THE BAYS OF DELAWARE AND CHESAPEAK, WITH THE COASTS OF NEW JERSEY, MARYLAND, VIRGINIA AND PART OF THE COAST OF NORTH CAROLINA. BY CAPTAIN N. HOLLAND. LONDON: PUBLISHED BY LAURIE & WHITTLE, NO. 53, FLEET-STREET, AS THE ACT DIRECTS, 12TH MAY 1794 (CARTOUCHE, BOTTOM RIGHT CORNER). NOTE ENTITLED "ASTRONOMICAL OBSERVATIONS" WITH PLACE NAMES, LONGITUDE AND LATITUDE AND NAME OF OBSERVER (TOP LEFT CORNER). SHORELINE PROFILE OF THE HIGHLANDS OF NEVERSINK (BELOW AND TO RIGHT OF NOTE). SHORELINE PROFILE OF CAPE HENRY (LEFT, BELOW CENTER). 16 POINT COMPASS ROSE (RIGHT OF CENTER). THE MARGINS ARE BLANK. THE REVERSE SIDE IS BLANK. LONGITUDE WEST FROM LONDON (TOP AND BOTTOM BORDERS). LATITUDE (RIGHT AND LEFT BORDERS).

DATE OF PUBLICATION : S1794
PLACE OF PUBLICATION : LONDON
PUBLISHER : LAURIE & WHITTLE
LANGUAGE(S) : EN
SIZE (HEIGHT X WIDTH) : 104.0 X 70.9 CM. (2 SHEETS JOINED)
SIZE - OTHER DATA : ? X ? CM. OM
SCALE - (RF) 1: : 644,000
LIB. OF CONGRESS # : -
Md. HALL OF RECORDS # 1 : MSA SC1399-38
HUNTINGFIELD ACQ. # 1 : A022-T2
REGION CATEGORY : GENERAL CHART OF SIGNIFICANCE TO A MD/CHESAPEAKE COLLECTION (3)
SPECIAL CATEGORY(IES) :
# SHEETS TO MAP : 2
MAP ORIENTATION : N IS AT THE TOP OF THE MAP
RELIEF SHOWN ? : NO
HYDROGRAPHIC DATA : SHOALS ARE SHOWN SHADED.
: SOUNDINGS ARE SHOWN IN FEET AND FATHOMS.
: BOTTOM CONDITIONS ARE NOTED (IN ATLANTIC OCEAN NEAR SHORE).
CARTOUCHE : SIMPLE PLASTERWORK (14)
BORDER : GEOGRAPHICALLY FUNCTIONAL (8)
PRIME MERIDIAN(S) : LONDON (1)
SEE ALSO MAP #s : -
BEST INFO SOURCE : LOWERY, GUTHORN AND PAPENFUSE & COALE ARE ALL USEFUL.
DESCRIPTION : THIS LARGE-SCALE CHART, WITH DETAILED SOUNDINGS AND HYDROGRAPHIC DATA, FIRST APPEARS IN THE ENLARGED EDITIONS OF THE SECOND PART OF THE NORTH AMERICAN PILOT, PUBLISHED BY LAURIE & WHITTLE FROM 1795 THROUGH 1807. IT HAS FEW INLAND DETAILS. IT IS AN IMPORTANT CHART USED BY BRITISH NAVIGATORS WELL INTO THE 19TH CENTURY. CORRECT ATTRIBUTION IS DIFFICULT. THE CARTOUCHE CREDITS "CAPTAIN N. HOLLAND". GUTHORN, IN BRITISH MAPS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION, NOTES THAT "HOLLAND'S NAME WAS FREQUENTLY EMPLOYED [IN THE NORTH AMERICAN PILOT] TO ADD CREDIBILITY AND STATURE TO MAPS, SOME OF WHICH HE HAD UNDOUBTEDLY NEVER SEEN OR COMPOSED", BUT HE MEANS SAMUEL HOLLAND. THE INITIAL "N" ON THE MAP IS PUZZLING. NOTHING IS KNOWN OF "N." HOLLAND. PHILLIPS, IN HIS BOOK ON THE LOWERY COLLECTION IN THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS, WRITES THAT "THERE IS CONSIDERABLE DOUBT AS TO WHETHER CAPTAIN N. HOLLAND, MENTIONED AS THE AUTHOR OF THIS MAP IS NOT THE SAME AS MAJOR SAMUEL HOLLAND, FIRST SURVEYOR-GENERAL OF BRITISH NORTH AMERICA..." IF SO, THE ENGRAVING ERROR IS WIDESPREAD, AS OTHER MAPS IN THE SAMES ALSO USE THE INITIAL."

SAMUEL HOLLAND WAS A BRITISH MAJOR IN AMERICA IN 1776 AND MAPPED AREAS NORTH OF THE POTOMAC RIVER AND IN CANADA. HE PROPOSED A DETAILED SURVEY OF THE ENTIRE AREA EAST OF THE MISSISSIPPI, WHICH WAS APPROVED BY THE BOARD OF TRADE IN LONDON, BUT WAS HALTED BY THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION. FOLLOWING THE WAR, HE BECAME SURVEYOR GENERAL OF LOWER CANADA, A POSITION HE RETAINED UNTIL HIS DEATH IN 1801. SOME OF THE ASTRONOMICAL OBSERVATIONS OF LONGITUDE AND LATITUDE ON THE CHART, REGARDLESS OF WHO WAS THE PRINCIPAL AUTHOR, COULD EASILY HAVE BEEN BASED ON SAMUEL HOLLAND'S WORK, BUT PROOF IS LACKING.

EDITION & STATE INFO : ONLY A SINGLE EDITION AND STATE HAS THUS FAR BEEN IDENTIFIED. HOWEVER, THE MAP APPEARED IN THREE EDITIONS OF THE NORTH AMERICAN PILOT IN 1795, 1800 AND 1807.

HFC OWNERSHIP DATA : THE HUNTINGFIELD COLLECTION HAS AN EXCELLENT COPY IN BLACK AND WHITE OF THIS MAP. IT HAS AN ACQ. # OF A022-T2 AND A MDHR # OF MSA SC1399-38.

BIBLIGRAPHICAL REFS. : LOWERY, WOODBURY, THE LOWERY COLLECTION. A DESCRIPTIVE LIST OF MAPS OF THE SPANISH POSSESSIONS WITHIN THE PRESENT LIMITS OF THE UNITED STATES, WASHINGTON: GPO, 1912, 444; SWEM, EARL G., MAPS RELATING TO VIRGINIA IN THE VIRGINIA STATE LIBRARY, RICHMOND: VIRGINIA STATE LIBRARY AND ARCHIVES, A 1989 REPRINT OF A 1914 ARTICLE IN THE VIRGINIA STATE LIBRARY BULLETIN, REPUBLISHED AS A BOOK, # 351; PHILLIPS, PHILIP LEE, A LIST OF GEOGRAPHICAL ATLASES IN THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS, AMSTERDAM: THEATRVM ORBIS TERRARVM, LTD., A 1971 REPRINT OF A 1909 LIBRARY OF CONGRESS PUBLICATION, I, # 1220, MAP [9] (1800 RELEASE), III, # 3668, MAP # 9 (1795 RELEASE); MATHEWS, EDWARD B.,"BIBLIOGRAPHY AND CARTOGRAPHY OF MARYLAND", IN MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, VOL. 1, PART IV, BALTIMORE: JOHNS HOPKINS PRESS, 1897, 357-358; GUTHORN, PETER J., BRITISH MAPS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION, MONMOUTH BEACH, N.J: PHILIP FRENEAU PRESS, 1972, 27,29 (FOR INFORMATION ON HOLLAND); HARLEY, J.B., B.B. PETCHENIK AND L. W. TOWNER, MAPPING THE AMERICAN REVOLUTIONARY WAR, CHICAGO: UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO PRESS, 1978, 26- 30, 73-75; PAPENFUSE, EDWARD C. & JOSEPH M. COALE III, ATLAS OF HISTORICAL MAPS OF MARYLAND 1608-1908, BALTIMORE: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1982, 61, FIG. 64; MORRISON JR., H. RUSSELL ETAL, ON THE MAP, CHESTERTOWN, MD: HUNTINGFIELD CORPORATION, 1983, 90-91, FIG. 55; MORRISON, RUSSELL & ROBERT HANSEN, CHARTING THE CHESAPEAKE, ANNAPOLIS: MARYLAND STATE ARCHIVES, 1990, 39, 40 (FIG. 23, DETAIL).

August 20, 1993


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