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MAP #: 278D5

CARTOGRAPHER : DEPARTEMENT DE LA MARINE

DATE: 1778

SHORT TITLE : CARTE DE LA BAIE DE CHESAPEAKE,

REMAINING TITLE & ID : ET DE LA PARTIE NAVIGABLE DES RIVIERES, JAMES,YORK,PATOWMACK,PATUXEN, PATAPSCO, NORTH-EAST,CHOPTANK ET POKOMACK. REDIGEE POUR LE SERVICE DES VAISSEAUX DU ROI, AU DEPOT GENERAL DES CARTES,PLANS ET JOURNAUX DE LA MARINE PAR ORDRE DE M. DE SARTINE, CONSEILLER D'ETAT, MINISTRE ET SECRETAIRE D'ETAT AU DEPARTEMENT DE LA MARINE, D'APRES DES PLANS ANGLOIS, ET PARTICULARIEREMENT CEUX D'ANTOINE SMITH, PILOTE DE STE. MARIE. 1778. (CARTOUCHE, UPPER LEFT CORNER). NAVIGATIONAL NOTES AND DATA ARE ON THE FACE OF THE CHART. NOTES AND INSTRUCTIONS ARE EITHER SURROUNDED BY LINES OR SHOWN AS IF ON SCROLLED PARCHMENT. "14." (RIGHT TOP MARGIN). "PETIT SCULP" (LEFT BOTTOM MARGIN). "PRIX TROIS LIVRES." (RIGHT BOTTOM MARGIN). THERE IS NOTHING ON THE REVERSE SIDE. LONGITUDE WEST FROM PARIS (RIGHT AND LEFT BORDERS). LATITUDE (TOP AND BOTTOM BORDERS).

DATE OF PUBLICATION : R1778(1776)
PLACE OF PUBLICATION : PARIS
PUBLISHER : DEPARTEMENT DE LA MARINE
LANGUAGE(S) : FR
SIZE (HEIGHT X WIDTH) : 58.4 X 86.0 CM.
SIZE - OTHER DATA : 63 X 95 CM. OM
SCALE - (RF) 1: : 415,000
SCALE - OTHER DATA :
LIB. OF CONGRESS # : -
Md. HALL OF RECORDS # 1 : G1399-214 (ED. 3 - ST. 2)
# 2 : G1399-780 (REPRO)(ED. 3 - ST. 1)
# 3 : G1399-427 (ED. 1 - ST. 1)
# 4 : G1399-285 (ED. 1 - ST. 2)
# 5 : G1399-319 (REPRO) (ED. 1 - ST. 2)
# 6 : G1399-668 (PHOTO)(ED. 1 - ST. 3)
# 7 : G1399-531 (ED. 1 - ST. 4)
# 8 : G1399-258 (ED. 2)

HUNTINGFIELD ACQ. # 1 : A023-HHUG (ED. 3 - ST. 2)
# 2 : - (REPRO)(ED. 3 - ST. 1)
# 3 : A017-EDUE (ED. 1 - ST. 1)
# 4 : A018-NTID (ED. 1 - ST. 2)
# 5 : - (REPRO)(ED. 1 - ST. 2)
# 6 : - (PHOTO)(ED. 1 - ST. 3)
# 7 : CC015-LDI (ED. 1 - ST. 4)
# 8 : A025-G2 (ED.2)
REGION CATEGORY : GENERAL MAP WHERE MD/CHESAPEAKE IS ONE MAIN FOCUS (1)
SPECIAL CATEGORY(IES) : WALTER HOXTON DERIVATIVE (17)
# SHEETS TO MAP : 1
MAP ORIENTATION : W IS AT THE TOP OF THE MAP.
RELIEF SHOWN ? : YES
HYDROGRAPHIC DATA : SOUNDINGS ARE IN FATHOMS.
: SHOALS ARE SHOWN SHADED.
: BOTTOM CONDITIONS ARE INDICATED.
CARTOUCHE : SIMPLE LINE FRAME (2)
BORDER : GEOGRAPHICALLY FUNCTIONAL (8)
PRIME MERIDIAN(S) : PARIS (3)
SEE ALSO MAP #s : 276S4, 276S5, 278D4, 278L5, 283S5, 294S3, 300S5, 303S5.
BEST INFO SOURCE : SANCHEZ-SAAVEDRA AND SELLERS & VAN EE ARE THE BEST FOUND,
DESCRIPTION : THIS WAS AN IMPORTANT CHART USED DURING THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR. IT IS THE SECOND STATE OF THE 3RD ED. (THE 2ND FRENCH ED.) OF THE ANTHONY SMITH (ATTRIBUTED) CHART OF 1776 (SEE MAP # 276S4). IT IS A SMALLER AND MORE PRACTICAL CHART THAN THE LEROUGE CHART IN 4 SHEETS OF THIS SAME YEAR (2ND EDITION OF THE SMITH CHART- SEE MAP # 278L5). IT WAS ENGRAVED AND PUBLISHED AT THE "DEPOT A CARTES ET PLANS DE LA MARINE IN MID-1778 FOR INCLUSION IN THE RARE NEPTUNE AMERICO- SEPTENTRIONALE, AN ATLAS FOR THE USE OF OFFICERS OF THE FRENCH ROYAL NAVY DURING THE AMERICAN WAR OF INDEPENDENCE.

THIS SMALLER SIZE VERSION OF THE CHART RETAINED ALL THE INFORMATION AND NOTES THAT APPEARED IN THE LARGER ENGLISH AND FRENCH EDITIONS. NOT ONLY WERE THE SAILING DIRECTIONS AND TABLES COMPLETE, BUT THE FRENCH TRANSLATION WAS MORE PRECISE AND IDIOMATIC THAN ON THE LEROUGE EDITION. UNLIKE ITS MODEL, THIS SMALLER CHART SHOWS LAND MASSES STIPPLED WITH A PATTERN OF DOTS TO PRODUCE A HALF-TONE SHADING. ODDLY, FOR A MAP DATED 1778, BALTIMORE IS SHOWN AT ITS OLD LOCATION NORTH OF THE BUSH RIVER, WITH NO SETTLEMENT INDICATED AT ITS 1730 SITE.

THIS STATE OF THE MAP IS SIMILAR TO THE FIRST STATE EXCEPT THAT THE NOTES AND OBSERVATIONS ARE NOW ALL SURROUNDED BY LINES OR ARE SHOWN AS IF ON SCROLLED PARCHMENT, GIVING A MORE FINISHED LOOK THAN THE FIRST STATE. THE TITLE AND GEOGRAPHICAL DETAILS ARE THE SAME.

NOTHING IS KNOWN OF THE ACTUAL AUTHORSHIP OF THIS CHART, ALTHOUGH IT IS ASSIGNED TO ANTHONY SMITH OF ST. MARYS. NOTHING HAS BEEN FOUND ON THIS MAN, WHO, TO JUDGE FROM THE CHARTS, MUST HAVE BEEN EXCEPTIONALLY WELL INFORMED REGARDING THE SUBAQUEOUS AND LITTORAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CHESAPEAKE BAY AND ITS ESTUARINE RIVERS. THE CHART HAS AN INDICATION IN THE TOP RIGHT "OBSERVATIONS..." THAT THE WORK WAS DONE BY A NAVAL OFFICER WHO EMPLOYED SMITH AS HIS PILOT. SUCH CERTAINLY WAS THE ARRANGEMENT IN MAKING A SURVEY OF THE POTOMAC, ALTHOUGH EARLIER LESS AUTHENTIC BUT APPARENTLY NO LESS ACCURATE SOUNDINGS HAD BEEN MADE WITH CONSIDERABLE SYSTEM. APPARENTLY ALL THE PROMINENT HOUSES VISIBLE FROM THE WATER ARE INDICATED WITH A MANIFEST EFFORT TO REPRESENT THE SHAPE, SIZE AND RELATIVE POSITIONS OF THE DIFFERENT STRUCTURES, WHICH ARE DISTINGUISHED BY THE NAMES OF THEIR OWNERS. ON THE BLANK PORTIONS OF THE SHEET ARE GIVEN SAILING DIRECTIONS INVOLVING THE MENTION OF MANY OF THE BUILDINGS PLACED ON THE HEADLANDS. BESIDES THESE FEATURES, THERE ARE MANY FIGURES AND LINES SHOWING THE COURSES TO BE FOLLOWED, THE BEARINGS OF PROMINENT LANDMARKS, AND THE DEPTH OF WATER ALONG THE STREAMS AND BAY.

DATA IS FROM SANCHEZ-SAAVEDRA, VERNER, FROM CORRESPONDENCE WITH CLIVE BURDEN, AND FROM OBSERVATION OF THE MANY STATES OF THE CHART IN THE HUNTINGFIELD COLLECTION.

EDITION & STATE INFO : THIS CHART WAS PUBLISHED IN FOUR EDITIONS, IN A TOTAL OF NINE STATES, INCLUDING EDITIONS IN BOTH ENGLISH AND FRENCH.

1ST ED. - 1ST STATE - (1776) - PUBLISHED IN 4 SHEETS, IT IS USUALLY JOINED TO MAKE A CHART 95 X 140 CM. "CHIEFLY FROM THOSE OF ANTHONY SMITH PILOT OF ST. MARYS;" IS MISSING FROM THE TITLE IN THE CARTOUCHE. IT DOES NOT CONTAIN "OBSERVATIONS IN THE RIVER PATOWMACK BY AN OFFICER IN THE NAVY" IN THE UPPER RIGHT CORNER OR CONTAIN DIRECTIONS FOR SAILING OVER THE HORSE SHOE IN THE CENTER LEFT. THE WORDS "DEGREES OF NORTH LATITUDE" ARE MISSING FROM THE RIGHT TOP AND LEFT BOTTOM BORDERS. IT WAS CONTAINED IN VOL. 2 OF THE NORTH AMERICAN PILOT AS PLATES 4 AND 5, 1776. SEE MAP # 276S4.

- 2ND STATE - (1776) - THE ITEMS LISTED AS MISSING IN STATE 1 HAVE BEEN ADDED, AS HAVE OTHER NAVIGATIONAL NOTES, SOUNDINGS AND BOTTOM CONDITION INDICATIONS. THIS CHART IS INDICATED IN SELLERS & VAN EE AS HAVING APPEARED IN THE NORTH ATLANTIC COAST PILOT, V. 2, PLATES 5 AND 6 IN 1777. PLATE IMPERFECTIONS ARE SIMILAR TO THOSE IN STATE 1, INDICATING THAT THIS WAS A REVISED PLATE. SEE MAP # 276S5.

- 3RD STATE - (1783) - VERNER NOTES A STATE DATED 1783 WHERE THE IMPRINT HAS BEEN ALTERED TO READ "PRINTED FOR ROBERT SAYER MAP, CHART & PRINTSELLER No. 53 FLEETSTREET". IT APPEARED IN THE NORTH AMERICAN PILOT, SAYER & BENNETT, 1783. A COPY IS IN THE DARTMOUTH LIBRARY. SEE MAP # 283S5.

- 4TH STATE - (1800) - APPEARED IN THE NORTH AMERICAN PILOT..., LONDON, R. LAURIE & J. WHITTLE IN 1800 AS MAP #11-12 IN 2 SHEETS, ENTITLED "A NEW AND ACCURATE CHART OF THE BAY OF CHESAPEAKE...DRAWN FROM SEVERAL DRAUGHTS... CHIEFLY FROM THOSE OF ANTHONY SMITH...12th. MAY 1794". PHILLIPS INCORRECTLY SHOWS PATAPSCO SPELLED "PETAPSCO". (PHILLIPS, MAPS, 228, ATLASES # 1220; E.B. MATHEWS, 403). SEE MAP # 300S5.

2ND ED. - (1778) - REENGRAVED BY LEROUGE IN PARIS AND INCLUDED IN PILOTE AMERICAN SEPTENTRIONAL. THIS IS CHART # 11 TITLED "BAYE DE CHESAPEAKE EN 4 FEUILLES AVEC LES BAS SONDS, PASSES, ENTREES, SONDES ET ROUTES OU L'ON DONNE LES PARTIES NAVIGABLES DES RIVIERES PATOWMACK, PATAPSCO ET NORD-EST. D'APRES LES DESSINS DE NAVIGATEURS EXPERIENTES PRINCIPAL. L D'APRES A SMITH PILOTE DE ST MARYS; COMPARE AVEC LES NOUVELLES LEVEES DE VIRGINIE ET MARYLAND. PUBLIE A LONDRES EN JUILLET 1776. TRADUIT DE L'ANGLAIS A PARIS CHEZ LEROUGE RUE DE GDS AUGUSTINE 1778." (SEE PHILLIPS, ATLASES, # 1210, THE WORLD ENCOMPASSED # 247). SEE MAP # 278L5.

3RD ED. - 1ST STATE - (1778) - REENGRAVED IN FRANCE BY THE DEPARTMENT DE LA MARINE IN A SINGLE SHEET 23 X 34 INCHES IN PARIS. THIS EDITION CARRIES THE TITLE "CARTE DE LA BAIE DE CHESAPEAKE ET DE LA PARTIE NAVIGABLE DES RIVIERES JAMES, YORK, PATOMACK, PATUXEN, PATAPSCO, NORTH-EAST, CHOPTANK ET POKOMOCK, REDIGEE POUR LE SERVICE DES VAISSAUX DU ROI, AU DEPOT GENERAL DES CARTES, PLANS ET JOURNAUX DE LA MARINE PAR ORDE DE M. DE SARTINE CONSEILLER D'ETAT, MINISTRE ET SECRETAIRE D'ETAT AU DEPARTMENT DE LA MARINE, D'APRES DES PLANS ANGLOIS ET PARTICULIEREMENT CEUX D'ANTOINE SMITH DE STE. MARIE. 1778" . A COPY IS IN THE CALVERT MARINE MUSEUM. SEE MAP # 278D4.

- 2ND STATE - (1778) - THIS STATE IS SIMILAR TO STATE 1 AS TO TITLE AND CONTENTS. INSTRUCTIONS ON THE RIGHT, ABOVE THE INSET, ON THE NOTES BETWEEN THE TWO OBSERVATION SECTIONS AND ON THE INSTRUCTIONS ON THE LEFT BELOW THE TITLE HAVE LINES ADDED SURROUNDING THEM. THE OBSERVATIONS TO THE RIGHT OF THE CARTOUCHE AND TO THE LEFT OF THE INSET HAVE BEEN MADE TO LOOK LIKE THEY ARE ON PARTIALLY ROLLED PARCHMENT AND THE PARCHMENT ON THE NOTE ABOVE AND TO THE LEFT OF THE INSET HAS BEEN PARTIALLY SHADED. THIS IS THE CHART DESCRIBED HEREIN.

4TH ED. - 1ST STATE - (1794) - IT WAS REENGRAVED AND INCLUDED IN THE AMERICAN PILOT IN 1794, PUBLISHED IN BOSTON BY W. NORMAN AS MAP # 6, ENTITLED "A NEW AND ACCURATE CHART OF THE BAY OF CHESAPEAKE INCLUDING DELAWARE BAY...DRAWN FROM SEVERAL DRAUGHTS... CHIEFLY FROM THOSE OF ANTHONY SMITH, PILOT OF ST. MAPYS [sic]. IT WAS ALSO PUBLISHED AS MAP # 5 IN THE 1798 EDITION OF THE AMERICAN PILOT. SEE MAP # 294S3.

- (2ND STATE) - (1803) - THE MISSPELLING OF ST. MARYS IS CORRECTED. (SEE PHILLIPS, ATLASES # 1217 AND E.B. MATHEWS 403). SEE MAP # 303S5.

ALL EDITIONS EXCEPT THE 4TH HAVE AN INSET OF HERRING BAY IN THE BOTTOM RIGHT.

DATA IS FROM SELLERS & VAN EE, E.B. MATHEWS, THE WORLD ENCOMPASSED, PHILLIPS, MAPS, PHILLIPS, ATLASES, WHEAT & BRUN, SANCHEZ- SAAVEDRA, FROM CORRESPONDENCE AND A PHOTOCOPY OF EDITION 3, STATE 1 FROM CLIVE BURDEN TO THE AUTHOR, AND FROM OBSERVATION OF THE MANY STATES IN THE HUNTINGFIELD COLLECTION.

HFC OWNERSHIP DATA : THE HUNTINGFIELD COLLECTION HAS A BEAUTIFUL BLACK AND WHITE COPY OF ED. 1, STATE 1, WITH AN ACQ. # OF A017-EDUE AND A MDHR # OF G1399-427. IT HAS A COLORED COPY OF ED. 1, STATE 2, WHICH HAS A SECTION OF THE "OBSERVATIONS IN THE RIVER PATOWMACK..." MISSING AND SEVERAL WEAK SPOTS SKILLFULLY REPAIRED WITH AN ACQ. # OF A025-NTID AND A MDHR # OF 285. THE COLLECTION HAS A PHOTOCOPY OF ED. 1, STATE 3 FROM THE DARTMOUTH COLLEGE LIBRARY. IT HAS A COPY OF ED. 1, STATE 4 IN BLACK AND WHITE, MOUNTED ON LINEN, IN GOOD CONDITION, BUT WITH SOME BROWNING ALONG THE MARGINS AND FOLDS, WITH AN ACQ. # OF CC015-LDI AND A MDHR # OF G1399-531. THE COLLECTION ALSO HAS A COPY OF ED. 2 IN BLACK AND WHITE BY LEROUGE IN EXCELLENT CONDITION WITH AN ACQ. # OF A025-G2 AND A MDHR # OF G1399-258 AND A COPY OF ED. 3, STATE 2, IN BLACK AND WHITE IN EXCELLENT CONDITION WITH AN ACQ. # OF A023-HHUG AND A MDHR # OF G1399-214. IN ADDITION, THE COLLECTION HAS A PHOTOCOPY OF A LIBRARY OF CONGRESS COPY OF THE 1ST ED., 2ND STATE IN FULL SIZE AND A MDHR # OF G1399-319 AND AN INCOMPLETE PHOTOCOPY FROM CLIVE BURDEN OF ED. 3, STATE 1 WITH A MDHR # OF G1399-780.

BIBLIGRAPHICAL REFS. : SANCHEZ-SAAVEDRA, E.M., A DESCRIPTION OF THE COUNTRY. VIRGINIA'S CARTOGRAPHERS AND THEIR MAPS 1607-1881, RICHMOND: VIRGINIA STATE LIBRARY, 1975, 35-44; THE THOMAS WINTHROP STREETER COLLECTION OF AMERICANA, AUCTION CATALOG IN 8 VOLS., NEW YORK: PARKE-BERNET GALLERIES, 1966, VOL. II, 581; PHILLIPS, PHILIP LEE, A LIST OF MAPS OF AMERICA IN THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS, NEW YORK: BURT FRANKLIN, UNDATED REPRINT OF A 1901 LIBRARY OF CONGRESS PUBLICATION, 227- 228; THE WORLD ENCOMPASSED, EXHIBITION CATALOG, BALTIMORE: WALTERS ART GALLERY, 1952, # 247; MATHEWS, EDWARD B., "THE MAPS AND MAPMAKERS OF MARYLAND", IN MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, VOL. II, PART IIIb, BALTIMORE: THE JOHNS HOPKINS PRESS, 1898, 402-403; PHILLIPS, PHILIP LEE, A LIST OF GEOGRAPHICAL ATLASES IN THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS, AMSTERDAM: THEATRVM ORBIS TERRARVM, LTD., A 1971 REPRINT OF A 1909 LIBRARY OF CONGRESS PUBLICATION, # 1209, 1210, 1211, 1217, 1220; WROTH, LAWRENCE C., SOME AMERICAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE ART OF NAVIGATION. 1519-1802", 1947, 20-21; WHEAT, JAMES C. & CHRISTIAN F. BRUN, MAPS AND CHARTS PUBLISHED IN AMERICA BEFORE 1800 A BIBLIOGRAPHY, LONDON: THE HOLLAND PRESS LIMITED, 1978 REPRINT OF A 1969 YALE UNIVERSITY PRESS PUBLICATION, # 310,; SELLERS, JOHN R. & PATRICIA MOLEN VAN EE, MAPS AND CHARTS OF NORTH AMERICA AND THE WEST INDIES 1750-1789, WASHINGTON: LIBRARY OF CONGRESS, 1981, # 1494, (1ST ED., 1ST STATE), # 1495 (1ST ED. 2ND STATE), 323; PAPENFUSE, EDWARD C. & JOSEPH M. COALE III, ATLAS OF HISTORICAL MAPS OF MARYLAND, 1608-1908, BALTIMORE: THE JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1982, 25, 30, AND 31 (ILLUS. OF 1ST ED. 2ND STATE ON 31); BURDEN, CLIVE A., PRIVATE CORRESPONDENCE DATED JULY 17, 1990 WITH THE AUTHOR.

August 9, 1990


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