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MAP #: 214H5

CARTOGRAPHER : HOMANN, JOHANN BAPTIST

DATE: 1714

SHORT TITLE : VIRGINIA MARYLANDIA ET CAROLINA

REMAINING TITLE & ID : IN AMERICA SEPTENTRIONALI BRITANNORUM INDUSTRIA EXCULTAE REPRAESENTATAE A IOH. BAPT. HOMANN S.C.M. GEOG. NORIMBERGAE (CARTOUCHE, LOWER RIGHT CORNER). SCALE- MILLIARIA GERMANICA (LOWER CENTER, TO LEFT OF CARTOUCHE). LONGITUDE APPARENTLY EAST FROM FERRO (TOP AND BOTTOM BORDERS). LATITUDE (RIGHT AND LEFT BORDERS).

DATE OF PUBLICATION : S1714?
PLACE OF PUBLICATION : NORIMBERGAE
PUBLISHER : JOHANN BAPTIST HOMANN
LANGUAGE(S) : LAEN
SIZE (HEIGHT X WIDTH) : 48.1 X 57.1 CM.
SIZE - OTHER DATA : ? X ? CM. OM
SCALE - (RF) 1: : 2,150,000
SCALE - OTHER DATA :
LIB. OF CONGRESS # : -
Md. HALL OF RECORDS # 1 : G1399-193
HUNTINGFIELD ACQ. # 1 : A025-NIG
REGION CATEGORY : GENERAL AREA MAP WHERE MD/CHESAPEAKE IS ONE MAIN FOCUS (1)
SPECIAL CATEGORY(IES) :
# SHEETS TO MAP : 1
MAP ORIENTATION : N IS AT THE TOP OF THE MAP.
RELIEF SHOWN ? : YES
HYDROGRAPHIC DATA : SOUNDINGS ARE SHOWN IN FATHOMS.
: SHOALS ARE SHOWN BY DOTTED LINES.
CARTOUCHE : SHELL (12)
BORDER : GEOGRAPHICALLY FUNCTIONAL (8)
PRIME MERIDIAN(S) : MERIDIAN UNSPECIFIED BUT PROBABLY FERRO (22)
SEE ALSO MAP #s : 220H5, 222H5, 237H5.
BEST INFO SOURCE : CUMMING AND VERNER ARE THE BEST FOUND.
DESCRIPTION : THIS MAP IS SIGNIFICANT, NOT BECAUSE OF ANY CARTOGRAPHIC ADVANCE BUT BECAUSE IT GIVES THE MOST RECENT AND ACCURATE DATA ON THE SETTLEMENTS OF GERMAN IMMIGRANTS. THIS MAP, WHICH EXTENDS FROM SOUTH CAROLINA TO CONN., WAS IN REALITY AN ATTEMPT TO ENCOURAGE IMMIGRATION BY GERMANS TO AMERICA. THE CARTOUCHE IS PARTICULARLY REVEALING IN THAT REGARD. IT SHOWS THE WEALTH OF THE AMERICAN COUNTRY IN THE FORM OF GOLD, PLENTIFUL FISH, FRESH WATER, SLAVES, ETC. HOMANN DID MAKE A SERIOUS ATTEMPT TO AID PROSPECTIVE EMIGRANTS AND INDICATE GERMAN SETTLEMENTS. CARTOGRAPHICALLY, HOMANN'S MAP REPRESENTS A REGRESSION IN THE WAY THE TIDEWATER REGION IS SHOWN. THE SHAPE OF THE DELMARVA PENINSULA CLOSELY FOLLOWS VISSCHER'S "NOVA TABULA...BOREALIOREM AMERICAE", WHICH IS A BEAUTIFUL, BUT BY THEN OUTDATED MAP PUBLISHED MUCH EARLIER. HOMANN'S MAP HAS THE LARGE APALACHE LACVS IN SOUTH CAROLINA, AN ERROR ORIGINATED BY HONDIUS. MANY INDIAN NAMES AND MARINE SOUNDINGS NOT IN VISSCHER OR KOCHERTHAL'S DERIVATIVE (1709) WERE INSERTED.

THE PUBLICATION SEQUENCE OF THE STATES OF THIS MAP IS UNCERTAIN (SEE THE EDITION AND STATE SECTION FOR FURTHER INFORMATION). THIS MAP APPEARED IN HOMANN'S ATLAS NOVUS, NORIMBERGAE, 1714, NO. 27 (ALTHOUGH THIS MAY HAVE BEEN A SOPHISTICATION). THE MAP WAS QUITE POPULAR AND APPEARED THROUGHOUT THE CENTURY IN MANY ATLASES AND IN SEPARATE COPIES. AMONG OTHER ATLASES,IT LATER WAS INCLUDED IN OTTENS, R., ATLAS MAIOR, AMSTELAEDAMI (1641-1729),VII, 103; HOMANN, J.B. AND DELISLE, G., ATLAS (1699-1739); DOPPELMAIER, J.G., ATLAS NOVUS COELESTIS NORIMBERGAE, 1742, NO. 158; BELLIN, N., CARTES ET PLANS DE L'AMERIQUE, 1745, NO. 19; HOMANN HEIRS, ATLAS GEOGRAPHICVS MAIOR, NORIMBERGAE, 1759-, NO. 143; HOMANN HEIRS, ATLAS HOMANNIANUS, AMSTERDAM, 1731-1796, IV, NO. 384.

DATA IS FROM CUMMING, VERNER, AND FROM PERSONAL OBSERVATIONS.

EDITION & STATE INFO : ONE EDITION OF THIS MAP IS KNOWN. CUMMING AND VERNER DIFFER ON THE SEQUENCE OF STATES. CUMMING'S # 156 IN THE SOUTHEAST IN EARLY MAPS WOULD HAVE THE FOLLOWING (AUGMENTED BY TWO STATES HE DID NOT NOTE):

STATE 1 - (1714) - THE MAP WITHOUT THE PRIVILEGE OR DATE. THIS IS THE MAP DESCRIBED HEREIN.

STATE 2 - (1720) - THE PRIVILEGE "CUM PRIVILEGIO SAC. CAES. MAJEST." AND "1720" ARE ADDED BELOW "NORIMBERGAE" IN THE CARTOUCHE, ENGRAVED IN A SEMI-CIRCULAR MANNER. (NOT NOTED BY CUMMING. ACCORDING TO VERNER, A COPY IS IN THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS, ALTHOUGH THE WRITER HAS BEEN UNABLE TO LOCATE IT). SEE MAP # 220H5.

STATE 3 - (1722) - THE DATE IS DELETED. SEE MAP # 222H5.

STATE 4 - (1737) - THE MAP WITHOUT THE PRIVILEGE OR DATE. THIS ALSO APPEARS TO BE THE MAP DESCRIBED HEREIN.

VERNER PROPOSES A THREE STATE SEQUENCE, BASED ON PLATE WEAR CHARACTERISTICS AND ON THE FACT THAT HOMANN USUALLY DID NOT DATE HIS MAPS ON REUSE, WHICH SUGGESTS THE ORIGINAL PLATE CONTAINED THE PRIVILEGE AND DATE.

STATE 1 - (1720) - THE PRIVILEGE AND DATE OF 1720 ARE IN THE CARTOUCHE, SIMILAR TO CUMMING'S STATE 2. (ACCORDING TO VERNER A COPY IS IN THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS, ALTHOUGH WRITER HAS BEEN UNABLE TO LOCATE IT). SEE MAP # 220H5.

STATE 2 - (1722) - THE DATE IS DELETED, SIMILAR TO CUMMING'S STATE 3. A COPY IS SAID BY VERNER TO BE IN THE NEWBERRY LIBRARY AND IN THE MARYLAND HISTORICAL SOCIETY IN ATLAS NOVUS. SEE MAP # 222H5.

STATE 3 - (1737) - THE PRIVILEGE AND DATE ARE BOTH GONE, SIMILAR TO CUMMING'S STATES 1 AND 4. A COPY IS IN THE HUNTINGFIELD COLLECTION. THIS IS THE MAP DESCRIBED HEREIN. SEE ALSO 237H5.

VERNER'S NOTES ARE QUOTED WITH REGARD TO THIS QUESTION:

"THE CHOICE BETWEEN THESE TWO SEQUENCES OF PUBLICATION REVOLVES AROUND THE COPY REPORTED BY CUMMING 156 IN TWO COPIES OF HOMANN ATLAS WITH THE TITLE PAGE DATE OF 1714. THIS LATTER SEQUENCE HAS BEEN REJECTED HERE FOR SEVERAL REASONS. SANDLER (P. 347) NOTES THAT THIS MAP (#147 IN HIS LIST) WAS ADDED BETWEEN 1716 AND 1724. IF HE IS CORRECT THE COPY IN THE 1714 ATLASES EXAMINED BY CUMMING MUST HAVE BEEN SOPHISTICATED COPIES NOT INDIGINOUS TO A 1714 ATLAS. HOMANN RARELY DATED HIS MAPS SO THAT THE DATE 1720 IN THE IMPRINT OF THE COPY DESCRIBED HERE MUST HAVE BEEN ADDED AT THE TIME THE PLATE WAS MADE. AN EXAMINATION OF SUCCESSIVE COPIES OF THE MAP SHOWING PROGRESSIVE PLATE WEAR WOULD SEEM TO INDICATE THAT THE THREE STATE SEQUENCE IS MORE NEARLY CORRECT. IN SUPPORT OF CUMMING'S SEQUENCE IS THE ADDITION OF THE PRIVILEGE TO THE REGNI MEXICANI [MAP] SOMETIME AROUND 1720 TO 1722.

HFC OWNERSHIP DATA : THE HUNTINGFIELD COLLECTION HAS A COPY OF CUMMING'S STATE 1 OR VERNER'S STATE 3 IN ORIGINAL COLORING, WITH AN ACQ. # OF A025-HIG AND A MDHR # OF G1399-193.

BIBLIGRAPHICAL REFS. : CUMMING, WILLIAM P., THE SOUTHEAST IN EARLY MAPS, CHAPEL HILL: THE UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA PRESS, 1962, 181, REPRODUCTION - PL. 46; PHILLIPS, PHILIP LEE, A LIST OF MAPS OF AMERICA IN THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS, NEW YORK: BURT FRANKLIN REPRINT, 1901, 982; PAPENFUSE AND COALE, ATLAS OF HISTORICAL MAPS OF MARYLAND, 1608-1908, BALTIMORE: THE JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1982, FIG. 25; VERNER, COOLIE, UNPUBLISHED NOTES ON THE MAPS OF VIRGINIA; MATHEWS, EDWARD B., "BIBLIOGRAPHY AND CARTOGRAPHY OF MARYLAND", IN MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY SPECIAL PUBLICATION VOL. 1, PART IV, BALTIMORE: THE JOHNS HOPKINS PRESS, JULY, 1897, 343; SANDLER, # 147.

February 5, 1990


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