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MAP #: 177A6

CARTOGRAPHER : ANONYMOUS

DATE: 1677

SHORT TITLE : [UNTITLED] MANUSCRIPT MAP OF SOUTHERN MARYLAND, VIRGINIA

REMAINING TITLE & ID : AND NORTHERN NORTH CAROLINA (ON VELLUM IN COLOR WITH GOLD TOUCHES). COMPASS ROSE (LEFT ABOVE CENTER). MAP EXTENDS THROUGH BORDER ON NORTH SIDE. LONGITUDE (POSSIBLY EAST FROM FERRO, TOP AND BOTTOM BORDERS). LATITUDE (RIGHT AND LEFT BORDERS).

DATE OF PUBLICATION : S1677MS
LANGUAGE(S) : EN
SIZE (HEIGHT X WIDTH) : 63.3 X 60.8 CM. (MANUSCRIPT ON VELLUM)
SIZE - OTHER DATA : 71.1 X 78.0 CM. OM
SCALE - (RF) 1: : 450,000 (BASED ON LATITUDE)
SCALE - OTHER DATA : NONE GIVEN
LIB. OF CONGRESS # : -
Md. HALL OF RECORDS # 1 : G1399-530(REPRO)
HFC ACQ. PRIORITY : 2
HUNTINGFIELD ACQ. # 1 : JCB016-DHD
REGION CATEGORY : GENERAL MAP WHERE THE MD/CHESAPEAKE AREA IS ONE MAIN FOCUS (1)
SPECIAL CATEGORY(IES) : AUGUSTINE HERRMAN DERIVATIVE MAP (12)
# SHEETS TO MAP : 1
MAP ORIENTATION : N IS AT THE TOP OF THE MAP.
RELIEF SHOWN ? : NO
HYDROGRAPHIC DATA : SOUNDINGS ARE SHOWN IN FATHOMS.
: SHOALS ARE SHOWN BY DOTTED LINE.
CARTOUCHE : NONE (1)
BORDER : SIMPLE SUBDIVISIONAL FUNCTIONAL (5)
PRIME MERIDIAN(S) : MERIDIAN UNSPECIFIED, BUT PROBABLY FERRO (22)
SEE ALSO MAP #s : 173H5, 177A5.
BEST INFO SOURCE : BLACK IS THE BEST SOURCE FOUND.
DESCRIPTION : THE FOLLOWING IS TAKEN FROM JEANETTE BLACK'S THE BLATHWAYT ATLAS VOL. II, COMMENTARY. THIS MAP AND MAP # 177A5 ARE DISCUSSED TOGETHER. THEY ARE NOT STRICTLY SPEAKING PARTS OF A SINGLE MAP, BUT THEY ARE CLOSELY RELATED. BOTH ARE IN THE STYLE OF THE THAMES SCHOOL OF MAP COPYISTS IN A HAND THAT HAS NOT BEEN IDENTIFIED. THE TWO MAPS WERE PROBABLY AMONG THOSE REFERRED TO IN A RECORD OF PAYMENT BY THE PLANTATIONS OFFICE ON 20 NOVEMBER 1677 FOR "A LARGE MAP OF THE STREIGHTS, MAPS OF BARBADOS, MARYLAND, VIRGINIA AND CAROLINA DRAWN WITH YE HAND." THE EXISTENCE OF THIS RECORD, TOGETHER WITH THE PRESENCE IN THE [BLATHWAYT] ATLAS OF THREE MAPS OF THESE AREAS IN IDENTICAL HANDS, SUGGESTS THAT THEY WERE MADE AT THAT TIME. TAKEN TOGETHER THE TWO MANUSCRIPTS CONSTITUTE A VERSION OF THE MAP OF AUGUSTINE HERRMAN (SEE MAP # 173H5). THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THIS MANUSCRIPT VERSION AND THE PRINTED FORM OF THE MAP ARE NUMEROUS AND STRIKING, MANY OF THEM CONSISTING OF ADDITIONAL FEATURES ON THE PRINTED MAP THAT ARE NOT PRESENT ON THE MANUSCRIPT. THE PRINTED MAP HAS THE TITLE AND THE STATEMENT OF AUTHORSHIP IN AN ELABORATE CARTOUCHE, AS WELL AS COATS OF ARMS, A NOTE CONCERNING THE ROYAL PRIVILEGE, HERRMAN'S PORTRAIT, AND VARIOUS LESSER DECORATIVE FEATURES SUCH AS DRAWINGS OF SHIPS AND AN INDIAN CANOE. THE PRINTED MAP IS A UNIT, WHILE THE MANUSCRIPTS ARE TWO SEPARATE MAPS WITH CONSIDERABLE OVERLAPPING MADE NECESSARY BY THE IRREGULAR SHAPE OF THE TWO COLONIES. THE ORIENTATION OF THE PRINTED MAP IS WITH NORTH TO THE RIGHT, WHILE THE MANUSCRIPTS HAVE NORTH TO THE TOP. THE MANUSCRIPTS ARE MARGINALLY GRADUATED FOR BOTH LATITUDE AND LONGITUDE, WHILE THE PRINTED MAP HAS INDICATIONS OF LATITUDE ONLY. THE PRINTED MAP ALSO EXTENDS FURTHER EAST INTO NEW JERSEY. THE INTERIOR AREAS ARE FOR THE MOST PART BLANK ON THE MANUSCRIPTS, EXCEPT FOR CREEKS AND RIVERS, WHILE THE PRINTED MAP CARRIES NUMEROUS NOTES CONCERNING REPORTS OF THE COUNTRY, SOME CORRECT, OTHERS FANCIFUL.

THE NUMEROUS AND VARIOUS DIFFERENCES AND ADDITIONS ON THE PRINTED MAP INDICATE THAT IT WAS NOT COPIED FROM THESE MANUSCRIPTS. THE COROLLARY QUESTION AS TO WHETHER THE MANUSCRIPTS WERE COPIED FROM THE PRINTED MAP CAN ALSO BE ANSWERED IN THE NEGATIVE. WHILE ANY OF THE ADDITIONAL FEATURES NOTED MIGHT CONCEIVABLY HAVE BEEN OMITTED BY A COPYIST WORKING FROM THE PRINTED VERSION, IT IS EXTREMELY UNLIKELY THAT HE WOULD HAVE OMITTED ALL OF THEM. MORE CONVINCING, HOWEVER, ARE SOME DIFFERENCES IN PLACE NAMES WHERE THE MORE NEARLY CORRECT VERSIONS IN THE MANUSCRIPTS COULD NOT HAVE RESULTED FROM ACCIDENTS OF COPYING FROM THE PRINTED MAP; INSTANCES ARE "CAPE HINLOPE" ON THE PRINTED MAP AND "CAPE HINLOPEN" ON MAP # 177A5 AND "SIPSIS PT" AT THE MOUTH OF THE JAMES RIVER ON THE PRINTED MAP COMPARED WITH "SHIPS PT" ON THE MAP DESCRIBED HEREIN.

THERE IS EVIDENCE IN A STATEMENT DATED 17 FEBRUARY 1666 FROM LORD BALTIMORE TO HIS SON CHARLES AS GOVERNOR OF MARYLAND THAT HERRMAN'S MAP EXISTED IN A FINISHED VERSION EARLY IN 1666, ALTHOUGH LORD BALTIMORE HAD NOT SEEN IT. THE BOUNDARY DISPUTE WITH VIRGINIA WAS NEGOTIATED IN 1668, AND AN AGREEMENT WAS SIGNED 25 JUNE ESTABLISHING THE LINE AT WATKINS POINT IN ACCORDANCE WITH MARYLAND'S CLAIM, THE LINE BEING MARKED BY TREES. THIS LINE, WITH THE TREES, IS INDICATED ON BOTH MANUSCRIPT MAPS. IF HERRMAN'S MAP WAS CONNECTED IN LORD BALTIMORE'S MIND WITH THE BOUNDARY DISPUTE, IT IS REASONABLE THAT IT WAS USED BY PHILIP CALVERT, WHO REPRESENTED MARYLAND IN THE NEGOTIATIONS. IF A VERSION OF HERRMAN'S MAP WAS USED IN CONNECTION WITH THEM, THERE WOULD HAVE BEEN NO NEED FOR IT TO EMPHASIZE HERRMAN'S AUTHORSHIP OR PROVIDE INFORMATION CONCERNING THE INTERIOR AREAS, NOR WOULD IT HAVE REQUIRED ANY NONFUNCTIONAL DECORATION. CALVERT PROBABLY SUPPLEMENTED HIS REPORT TO LORD BALTIMORE WITH A COPY OF THE MAP ON WHICH THE EASTERN SHORE BOUNDARY WAS MARKED BY TREES. CALVERT COULD HAVE TAKEN IT WITH HIM WHEN HE MADE A VISIT TO ENGLAND IN 1669. SUCH A MAP COULD HAVE BEEN COPIED AND RECOPIED TO SATISFY THE CURIOSITY OF PEOPLE IN ENGLAND WHO WERE INTERESTED IN THE COLONIES.

THE CIRCUMSTANCES SUGGEST THAT THE TWO MANUSCRIPT MAPS REPRESENT THIS HYPOTHETICAL VERSION OF HERRMAN'S MAP, POSSIBLY AFTER MORE THAN ONE RECOPYING. IF SO THEY REPRESENT A FORM OF THE MAP COMPILED IN 1668 AND THEREFORE ANTEDATE BY AT LEAST TWO YEARS THE VERSION HERRMAN SENT TO ENGLAND TO BE PRINTED.

IN ADDITION TO THE MANUSCRIPTS NOTED ABOVE THAT ARE IN THE JCB LIBRARY, THERE ARE CORRESPONDING MANUSCRIPT MAPS IN THE PUBLIC RECORDS OFFICE IN LONDON. BLACK NOTES THAT THERE IS A CLOSE KINSHIP BETWEEN THE TWO SETS OF MAPS. THE PUBLIC RECORDS OFFICE COPY OF THE MARYLAND MAP # 177A5 IS ON A PIECE OF VELLUM ABOUT 13 CM. NARROWER THAN THAT OF THE JCB. THE DIFFICULTY THAT THE COPYIST HAD OF FITTING THE MATERIAL INTO THE INADEQUATE SIZE VELLUM RESULTED IN DISTORTION IN THE NORTHEAST CORNER THAT INCREASED THE LATITUDES SHOWN FOR THE SETTLEMENTS ALONG THE DELAWARE RIVER.

EDITION & STATE INFO : THIS IS A MANUSCRIPT MAP.

HFC OWNERSHIP DATA : THE HUNTINGFIELD COLLECTION HAS A BEAUTIFULLY COLORED FACSIMILE COPY PUBLISHED BY THE JOHN CARTER BROWN LIBRARY IN FULL SIZE. IT HAS AN ACQ. # OF JCB016-DHD AND A MDHR # OF G1399-530(REPRO). THE COMPANION MAP OF MARYLAND AND NORTHERN DELMARVA IS ALSO IN THE COLLECTION IN FULL COLOR FACSIMILE WITH AN ACQ. # OF JCB016-DHD AND A MDHR # OF G1399-529(REPRO).

BIBLIGRAPHICAL REFS. : BLACK, JEANETTE D., THE BLATHWAYT ATLAS, VOL. II, COMMENTARY, BROWN UNIVERSITY PRESS, PROVIDENCE, R.I., 1975, PP. 109-118.

February 27, 1989


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