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MAP #: 108Z5
CARTOGRAPHER : ZUNICA, DON PEDRO DE
DATE: 1608
SHORT TITLE : [UNTITLED] MANUSCRIPT MAP OF PART
OF VIRGINIA
DATE OF PUBLICATION : S1606MS
LANGUAGE(S) : EN
SIZE (HEIGHT X WIDTH) : 31.2 X 63.7 CM.
SIZE - OTHER DATA :
SCALE - (RF) 1: :
SCALE - OTHER DATA : NONE SHOWN
LIB. OF CONGRESS # : -
Md. HALL OF RECORDS # 1 : G1399-325 (LC REPRO)
HFC ACQ. PRIORITY : 1
REGION CATEGORY : GENERAL AREA MAP SIGNIFICANT TO
A MD/CHESAPEAKE COLLECTION (3)
SPECIAL CATEGORY(IES) :
# SHEETS TO MAP : 1
MAP ORIENTATION :
RELIEF SHOWN ? :
HYDROGRAPHIC DATA : NONE
CARTOUCHE : NONE (1)
BORDER : NONE (1)
PRIME MERIDIAN(S) : NONE
SEE ALSO MAP #s : 112S5
BEST INFO SOURCE : CUMMING, BROWN AND VERNER ARE THE
BEST FOUND.
DESCRIPTION : MANUSCRIPT DRAUGHTS OF THE EARLY
EXPLORATIONS OF VIRGINIA AND THE CHESAPEAKE AREA WERE SENT TO
ENGLAND PERIODICALLY. THE THIRD DRAUGHT, ACCORDING TO VERNER, WAS
SENT TO ENGLAND IN 1608 VIA CAPTAIN FRANCIS NELSON, WHO LEFT
VIRGINIA ON JUNE 2ND, 1608. IT ACCOMPANIED SMITH'S TRUE
RELATION AND IS KNOWN AS THE ZUNIGA CHART, SINCE A COPY OF IT
WAS SENT TO PHILIP II, KING OF SPAIN, WITH A LETTER DATED SEPT. 10,
1608 BY ZUNIGA, THE SPANISH AMBASSADOR TO ENGLAND. THIS CRUDE
MANUSCRIPT CHART SHOWS 3 RIVERS SOUTH OF THE JAMES RIVER, WHICH
REPRESENT THE NEUSE, PAMLICO AND ROANOKE. THE CHART EXTENDS FROM
CAPE HENRY TO THE POTOMAC RIVER. VERNER NOTES THAT THE
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CAPES HENRY AND CHARLES IS IN ERROR AND NOT
DEPICTED AS ACCURATELY AS ON TINDALL'S CHART OF 1608. THE MOST
CURIOUS FEATURE OF THIS CHART IS THE WAY THE WESTERN SHORE OF THE
DELMARVA PENINSULA IS EXTENDED TO FORM THE NORTH BANK OF THE
POTOMAC RIVER SO THAT THE CHESAPEAKE BAY AS NOW KNOWN DOES NOT
EXIST. ALEXANDER BROWN THINKS SMITH INTENDED THE CHART TO
ILLUSTRATE HIS A TRUE RELATION. IF SO, IT WAS NOT USED,
ALTHOUGH PARTS OF IT ARE SIMILAR TO THOSE ON SMITH'S MAP OF
VIRGINIA OF 1612 (SEE MAP #112S5) AND BOTH MAY BE DERIVED FROM A
COMMON SOURCE. BROWN ALSO THINKS THAT HENRY HUDSON TOOK A COPY OF
THIS CHART WITH HIM TO HOLLAND IN 1608, WHERE HE HAD "LETTERS AND
CHARTS WHICH ONE CAPTAIN SMITH HAD SENT HIM FROM VIRGINIA, BY WHICH
SMITH INFORMED HUDSON THAT THERE WAS A SEA LEADING INTO THE WESTERN
OCEAN BY THE NORTH OF THE SOUTHERN ENGLISH COLONY" ABOUT THE
LATITUDE OF FORTY DEGREES. LEWIS & LOOMIE SUGGEST NATHANIEL
POWELL, A CARTOGRAPHER OF THE VIRGINIA COMPANY WHO WAS WITH SMITH
ON HIS EXCURSIONS, AS THE AUTHOR OF THE CHART. MOST OF THE NAMES
DIFFER FROM THOSE ON THE WHITE AND DEBRY MAPS.
THE ORIGINAL OF THIS MANUSCRIPT MAP IS LOCATED IN THE ARCHIVO
GENERAL DE SIMANCAS ESTADO, LEG. 2586, FOLIO 148 (MyP IV.66)
DATA IS FROM CUMMING'S THE SOUTHEAST IN EARLY MAPS.
EDITION & STATE INFO : THIS IS A MANUSCRIPT MAP.
HFC OWNERSHIP DATA :
BIBLIGRAPHICAL REFS. : BROWN, A., GENESIS OF THE
UNITED STATES, BOSTON, 1890, I, P. 184-185, REPRO. OPP P. 184;
CUMMING, WM. P., THE SOUTHEAST IN EARLY MAPS, UNIVERSITY OF
NORTH CAROLINA PRESS,CHAPEL HILL, 1962, PLATE 21 (COVERS SOUTHERN
PART) AND P. 131-132; PEARCE, H.J. JR, "NEW LIGHT ON THE ROANOKE
COLONY", JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN HISTORY, IV, MAY, 1938, PP.
148-163; LEWIS, C.M., AND LOOMIE, A.J., THE SPANISH JESUIT
MISSION IN VIRGINIA, 1570-1572, CHAPEL HILL, N.C., 1953, PP.
262-263, 274-275; WEEKES, S.B., "THE LOST COLONY OF ROANOKE: ITS
FATE AND SURVIVAL",AMERICAN HISTORICAL ASSOCIATION PAPERS, V,
1891, P. 468; BRUCE, PHILIP A., HISTORY OF VIRGINIA,
AMERICAN HISTORICAL SOCIETY, N.Y., 1924,I,REPRODUCTION OPP. P.
36;VERNER, COOLIE, SMITH'S VIRGINIA AND ITS DERIVATIVES, MCS
#45, MAP COLLECTORS CIRCLE, LONDON, 1968, P. 6; VERNER, COOLIE,
[UNPUBLISHED] NOTES ON THE MAPS OF VIRGINIA.
July 16, 1988
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