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MAP #: 090W5

CARTOGRAPHER : WHITE, JOHN

DATE: 1590

SHORT TITLE : AMERICAE PARS, NUNC VIRGINIA DICTA,

REMAINING TITLE & ID : PRIMUM AB ANGLIS INUENTA, SUMTIBUS DN. WALTERI RALEIGH, EQUESTRIS VIRI, ANNO DNI. MDLXXXV REGNI VERO SERENISS: NOSTRAE ELIZABETHAE XXVII, HUJUS VERO HISTORIA PECULIARI LIBRO DESCRIPTA EST, ADDITIS ITIAM INDGENARUM ICONIBUS (OVAL CARTOUCHE, TOP RIGHT CORNER). "AUTORE IOANNE WITH SCULPTORE THEODORO DEBRY, QUI ET EXCUD." (CARTOUCHE, LEFT CENTER). ROYAL COAT OF ARMS (TOP LEFT CORNER). SCALA LEUCARUM OF 25 "LEAGES" (BOTTOM LEFT CORNER). COMPASS ROSE (LOWER RIGHT). THERE IS NOTHING ON THE REVERSE SIDE. LONGITUDE AND LATITUDE (NOT SHOWN).

DATE OF PUBLICATION : S1590
PLACE OF PUBLICATION : FRANKFORT, GERMANY
PUBLISHER : THEODORE DE BRY
LANGUAGE(S) : LA
SIZE (HEIGHT X WIDTH) : 30.5 X 42.0 CM.
SIZE - OTHER DATA : 34 X 47 CM. OM
SCALE - (RF) 1: : 1,500,000
LIB. OF CONGRESS # : G3880 1590 .W7
Md. HALL OF RECORDS # 1 : MSA SC1399-207 (ST.2)
# 2 : MSA SC1399-370 (ST.1 - REPRO)
HUNTINGFIELD ACQ. # 1 : N027-H3 (ST.2)
# 2 : - (ST.1 - REPRO)
REGION CATEGORY : A GENERAL MAP OF SIGNIFICANCE TO A MD/CHESAPEAKE COLLECTION (3)
SPECIAL CATEGORY(IES) :
# SHEETS TO MAP : 1
MAP ORIENTATION : W IS AT THE TOP OF THE MAP.
RELIEF SHOWN ? : YES
HYDROGRAPHIC DATA : SHOALS SHOWN IN SHADING.
CARTOUCHE : STRAPWORK (13)
BORDER : ORNAMENTAL DECORATIVE (3)
PRIME MERIDIAN(S) : NONE
SEE ALSO MAP #s : 085W5, 090D5.
BEST INFO SOURCE : VERNER, CUMMING, STEFAN AND GARRATT WERE ALL HELPFUL.
DESCRIPTION : THIS MAP WAS PUBLISHED WITH THOMAS HARRIOT'S A BRIEF AND TRUE REPORT OF THE NEWFOUND LAND OF VIRGINIA IN VOL.1 OF THEODORE DEBRY'S GREAT VOYAGES, PRINTED IN FRENCH, ENGLISH AND GERMAN. THIS WAS THE FIRST PRINTED MAP WITH A HIGH DEGREE OF DETAIL AND ACCURACY FOR ANY PART OF THE UNITED STATES. IT WAS THE FIRST SEPARATE MAP OF VIRGINIA AND IS THE FIRST TO ATTACH THE NAME CHESAPIOOC SINUS TO THE BAY AND WAS ONE OF THE FIRST REPRESENTATIONS OF THE MOUTH OF THE BAY. IT IS THE FIRST TO INCLUDE THE NAME VIRGINIA IN THE TITLE. IT WAS BASED ON A MANUSCRIPT MAP BY JOHN WHITE IN 1585 (MAP 085W5), A COPY OF WHICH IS IN THE BRITISH MUSEUM, REVISED FOR ADDITIONAL NAMES AND COASTAL DETAIL GAINED FROM ROANOKE COLONY TRAVELS IN 1587 AND 1588. QUINN NOTES THAT WHITE'S ORIGINAL DRAWING IS ACCEPTED AS THE MAJOR CONTEMPORARY AUTHORITY ON THE CONFIGURATION OF THE COASTLINE IN THE LATE SIXTEENTH CENTURY. THE MAP WAS THE SAME IN ALL FOUR EDITIONS OF HARRIOT'S WORK.

THE WHITE MAP, PUBLISHED BY DE BRY, WAS THE BASIS FOR MAPS BY JODE OF NORTH AMERICA IN 1593, WYTFLIET IN 1597, ACOSTA IN 1598, MATAL IN 1600 AND QUAD IN 1600 AND WAS REPRODUCED IN ATLASES OF MERCATOR AND HONDIUS AND IN THE WORKS OF LAET.

JOHN WHITE WAS A MEMBER OF THE 1585 ROANOKE COLONY, GOVERNOR OF THE ILL-FATED 1587 ROANOKE COLONY AND MADE 5 VOYAGES TO VIRGINIA. JOHN WHITE AND THOMAS HARRIOT, PHILOSOPHER, NATURALIST, MATHEMATICIAN AND SECRETARY TO RALEIGH, WERE EMPLOYED TO GATHER INFORMATION IN ACCORDANCE WITH CAREFULLY DRAWN INSTRUCTIONS REGARDING SCALE, LETTER MARKINGS, DISTANCES OF CAPES, HILLS, ETC., VARIATIONS IN VEGETATION, TYPES OF TREES, ETC. DURING THE FIRST EXPEDITION LEADING TO THE ROANOKE COLONY IN 1585 UNDER GOV. RALPH LANE, WHITE WAS THE FIRST ARTIST TO MAKE DRAWINGS OF AMERICA AND THEY WERE THE FIRST AUTHENTIC PICTURES OF THE NEW WORLD. WHITE'S DRAWINGS WERE USED BY HARRIOT WITH HIS NOTES AS THE BASIS FOR HIS BRIEF AND TRUE REPORT. WHITE'S GRANDDAUGHTER, VIRGINIA DARE, WAS THE FIRST CHILD BORN OF ENGLISH PARENTS IN THE NEW WORLD.

THEODORE DE BRY, PUBLISHER OF THE MAP, WAS A PRINTER AND ENGRAVER OF FRANKFORT-AM-MAIN. VERNER STATES THAT WHILE HE WAS IN LONDON SEEKING LE MOYNE'S MAPS AND DRAWINGS FOR A PROJECTED ILLUSTRATED VERSION OF LAUDONNIERE'S JOURNAL, HAKLUYT ENCOURAGED HIM TO PUBLISH A COLLECTION OF VOYAGES INCLUDING THE REPORT OF THOMAS HARRIOT TO BE ILLUSTRATED BY WHITE'S DRAWINGS. DE BRY ISSUED SIX PARTS BEFORE HIS DEATH IN 1598 AND HIS HEIRS ISSUED ANOTHER THREE BETWEEN 1599 AND 1602. THE REMAINING PARTS WERE ISSUED BY HIS TWO SONS-IN-LAW AND IN 1634 A NEW AND FINAL 14 PART EDITION WAS PUBLISHED.

DATA IS FROM CUMMING, FITE & FREEMAN, ROBERT LUNNY, MCS #45, THE WORLD ENCOMPASSED, VERNER, AND WINDSOR.

EDITION & STATE INFO : ONLY A SINGLE EDITION OF THE MAP IS KNOWN, ALTHOUGH IT APPEARS IN DE BRY FROM 1590 THROUGH 1634. FOR A COMPLETE LISTING OF PLACES WHERE THE MAP APPEARED, SEE CUMMING, THE SOUTHEAST IN EARLY MAPS, 122-123.

THREE STATES OF THE MAP ARE KNOWN, ALTHOUGH IT IS IMPOSSIBLE TO ASSIGN DATES TO THE STATES. THE ONLY DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THEM IS THE SPELLING OF THE NAME OF THE VILLAGE OF CHESEPIOOC (JUST ABOVE THE FIGURINES OF A FEMALE ADULT AND A FEMALE CHILD CARRYING A DOLL AND A RATTLE). IN THE 1585 MANUSCRIPT THE TOWN WAS SPELLED CHESIPIUC.

1ST STATE - THE SPELLING IS EHESEPIOOC. COPIES ARE IN COLONIAL WILLIAMSBURG AND IN THE SEYMOUR SCHWARTZ COLLECTION.

2ND STATE - AN ATTEMPT HAS BEEN MADE TO ALTER THE FIRST E INTO C WITHOUT ERASURE, THE RESULT BEING A COMBINATION OF BOTH. A COPY IS IN THE HUNTINGFIELD COLLECTION.

3RD STATE - THE FIRST LETTER HAS BEEN ALMOST COMPLETELY ERASED AND THE LETTER C SUBSTITUTED.

THE FIRST STATE IS RARE AND THE THIRD STATE IS EXTREMELY RARE. IT IS EVIDENT THAT THE THREE STATES WERE USED INDISCRIMINATELY, BEING ALTERED OVER SUCCESSIVE YEARS AND USED AS THE OCCASION DEMANDED, NOR IS THERE ANY GUARANTEE THAT THEY WERE ISSUED WITH THE TEXTS IN WHICH THEY ARE NOW FOUND.

DATA IS FROM GARRATT, JOHN G., THE MAPS OF DE BRY.

HFC OWNERSHIP DATA : THE HUNTINGFIELD COLLECTION HAS A BEAUTIFUL BLACK AND WHITE COPY OF STATE 2 WITH AN ACQ. # OF N027- H3 AND A MDHR # OF MSA SC1399-207.

BIBLIGRAPHICAL REFS. : CUMMING, WILLIAM P., THE SOUTHEAST IN EARLY MAPS, CHAPEL HILL: UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA PRESS, # 121; THE WORLD ENCOMPASSED, (EXHIBITION CATALOG), BALTIMORE: WALTERS ART GALLERY, # 240; LUNNY, ROBERT. M. EARLY MAPS OF NORTH AMERICA, NEWARK, N.J: N.J. HISTORICAL SOCIETY, 1961, 18-19, PLATE VIII; FITE, EMERSON B. AND ARCHIBALD FREEMAN, A BOOK OF OLD MAPS DELINEATING AMERICAN HISTORY FROM THE EARLIEST DAYS DOWN TO THE CLOSE OF THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR, CAMBRIDGE, MASS: HARVARD UNIVERSITY PRESS. 1926, 93-95; VERNER, COOLIE, "SMITH'S VIRGINIA AND ITS DERIVATIVES", IN MAP COLLECTOR'S SERIES NO. 45, LONDON: MAP COLLECTORS CIRCLE, 11, CHURCH, ELIHU D., A CATALOGUE OF BOOKS RELATING TO THE DISCOVERY AND EARLY HISTORY OF NORTH AND SOUTH AMERICA FORMING A PART OF THE LIBRARY OF E.D. CHURCH, COMP. AND ED. BY GEORGE WATSON COLE, NEW YORK: 1907, 140, 203; SABIN JOSEPH, A DICTIONARY OF BOOKS RELATING TO AMERICA FROM ITS DISCOVERY TO THE PRESENT TIME, III, NEW YORK: JOSEPH SABIN, 1868-1936, 24-30; JOHN CARTER BROWN LIBRARY, ANNUAL REPORTS TO THE CORPORATION OF BROWN UNIVERSITY 1901-1966, VOL. 1, PT. 2, PROVIDENCE: BROWN UNIVERSITY, 1972, 383-386; LORANT STEFAN, THE NEW WORLD THE FIRST PICTURES OF AMERICA, NEW YORK: DUELL, SLOAN & PEARCE, 1946, 274- 275; WINDSOR, JUSTIN, NARRATIVE AND CRITICAL HISTORY OF AMERICA, VOL. III, CAMBRIDGE, MASS: HOUGHTON, MIFFLIN AND COMPANY, 1889, 124; GARRATT, JOHN G., "THE MAPS IN DE BRY", IN THE MAP COLLECTOR MAGAZINE, HERTFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND: DEC., 1979, 2-11; THE THOMAS WINTHROP STREETER COLLECTION OF AMERICANA (AUCTION CATALOG), VOL. II, NEW YORK: PARKE-BERNET GALLERIES, INC., 1966, 812-815; VERNER, COOLIE, [UNPUBLISHED] NOTES ON THE MAPS OF VIRGINIA.

November 13, 1992


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