I. paints a picture of Annapolis ca. 1700, ends with quote from Ebenezer
Cooke re: leaking roofs, relies on Reps
II. slavery: notes that 1674-79, inventories enumerated more servants
than slaves by a ratio of four to one (Menard et. al). To 1693 black men
"proved that their servitude had been contractual and won their freedom"
(43)"A few blacks ... followed the path of white indentured servants."
Uses Russ's argument that drop in price of tobacco made planters reevaluate
their labor supply, opt for permanent servitude (slaves). AFter King Williams
war when slaves to sugar plantations were not as profitable as before;
came to Chesapeake instead (4,000 between 1695 and 1708). Notes that the
highest prices were from direct imports from West Africa (46). See: Whittington
Johnson, MdHM, 73 (1978): 239-40, on origins of slavery in 17th Md. Notes
that slaves lived in small groups, men outnumbered women by 1.5 to one;
commonly lived and worked without the meager comforts a family might have
afforded them.
III. Jumps rather abruptly to politics and the revolution of 1689; obstreperousness
of the Maryland General Assembly, conflict with Lionel Copley (49). Lawrence
v. Copley; 1692 fee schedule. 1692 assembly proclaimed the supremacy of
English law when there was no Maryland law on the subject (51). Most important,
repeal of the Act of Toleration through the establishment of the Church
of England. (52) Nicholson's role (notes that Philip Calvert's mansion
was blown up, implies that occured because capital was moved to Annapolis
(52).
Thomas Bray, commissary for the Maryland Church (Anglican), appt'd by
Bishop Compton...ultimately 1702 establishment act (53). Royal government
let to disenfranchisement, loss of political leaders who were Quaker, Catholic.
By 1718 "the ideal of toleration lay in ruins." Charles Carroll the Settler
was deprived of his offices. (56)
IV. looks at social hierarchy; planter merchants, notes increase in tobacco exports from 30 million lbs in the 1720s to 100 million by the 1770s. Looks at professions such as Physicians, lawyers as source of wealth.; concentration of wealth (59-60). Notes that at some point early in the century mena dn women born in Maryland became a majority. Lower mortality rates, fathers holding on to fortunes longer (60). Notes Seymours observation that natives by the name of 'country borne' stood aloof from 'the rest of your majestys subjects." (60). Opportunity less for lowly in 18th century. notes increase in tenant farmers; hard life of slaves (62). Notes fears of black revolt (cites Stephen Bordley); Ransom's plot. Quote of English Visitor to Worcester about resistance of Blacks to being taught (62). MHM (1956) 51:327, jnl of Edward Kimber.
Ends with note on increasingly strong black community, culture (63).
IV. cites Sotweed factor, changes in between two poems, increasing calls
for diversity. Wheat (Eastern Shore); shipbuilding; (64-65) Maryland trade
reaches Lisbon, Cadiz, Southern Europe.; town growth; seems to be trying
to establish idea that with diversification, growth fed on itself, (year
round activity on plantations growing wheat) (65); looks at westward expansion;
local capital investment (iron works) meeting the iron needs of Britain
(67). Problems with indians (Captain Civility, upper Potomac); Land disputes
(Calverts v. Penns; Notes that in 1744 the Maryland General Assembly purchased
the rights of the indians to all land between the Potomac and Susquehanna
rivers. (69) Cites Porter, Backcountry to Country, p. 340. MHM 70 (1975).
Notes Dulany's role in development of Western Maryland. Luring the Germans
from Pa., directly from Europe. By 1750, Frederick largest town in Maryland
(69)
V. Quality of life (begins with 1746 quote from Kimber) (70). Refers
to Cedar Park, architecture. wonderful variet of Chesapeake food. Great
print of houses along a road in Virginia (Road to Baltimore) p. 72 from
1788 Columbian magazine.
Notes: "In places like Chestertwon gentlemen got together to share news
and comment, to "pass away their spare hous agreeably, and to good purposes."
(73). Horse racing: symbolized station; cites Eddis on well-attended Annapolis
races.; education: need for schools recognized, but little done (76); looks
at libraries using Wheeler. Quotes Benedic Leonard Calvert (citing Land),
5th Lord Baltimore's brother: describes Maryland as "this unpolished part
of the universe." " Our Conversation runs on planting Tobacco and such
other improvements of trade, as neither the Muses inspire, nor Classic
Authors treat of." (77, citing Land, p. 141).
VI. Turns to Annapolis at Midcentury citing Andrew Burnaby's account.
Notes printing (Bradford in 1726, but ignores Nuthall, Reade, notes William
Rind (by 1758-66 assistant on Md Gazette), but not Clemintina Rind. Looks
to cultural life of Annapolis (plays, Tuesday club), then jumps to "the
Georgian home of mid-eigheenth-century Maryland" which "epitomized the
order, balance, and gracious living that marked life at the highest reaches
of society." (79-80). Comes back to Wren and, in effect Nicholson's efforts
at the turn of the century. Ends with Whitehall in AA co.