43.       Richard S. Dunn, Sugar and Slaves: The Rise of the Planter Class in the English West
Indies 1624-1713 226 (1972).

44.      Winthrop Jordan, supra note 37, at 64.

45.       John D. Krugler, To Live Like Princes (1976) containing the transcribed text and

reproduction in facsimile of Wintour's "A Short Treatise sett downe in a letter written by
R.W. to his worthy friend C.J.R. Concerning the New Plantation Now Erecting under the
Right Noble the Lord Baltemore in Maryland." Letter dated September 12, 1635. p. 35.

46.       Maryland Historical Society, Fund Publication No. 28, The Calvert Papers. I, 149,
reprinted in Donnan, supra note 30 at IV, 8.

47.       George Menefie in Virginia claimed a headright there for 23 "negroes I brought out of
England," but their origin is shrouded in doubt. They may have come by early English
adventurers in the African trade. See Donnan, supra note 30, at 4.

48.       I Maryland Archives 41.

49.      Id at 80.

50.       The alternative reading is that the bills recited a fact — that slaves were not Christians - -
and used it as an excuse for not granting them the rights of Englishmen or imposing a
limit on their term of service.

51.      Negro Dina's headright is found in Md. Prov. Patents, Liber 11, folio 235.

52.       United States Bureau of the Census Historical Statistics of the United States: Colonial
Times to 1970 1168 (1975). Headlights under Virginia law for 137 negroes brought to
Virginia between 1635 and 1639 are noted in Donnan, supra note 30, at 4. In addition to
Prince, DeSousa, Francisco and Dina, only two other persons in Maryland identified as
negroes were claimed as headlights in subsequent decades. Some others, like Anthony
Johnson and his family, are known to be negroes although not identified as such in the
headright. Johnson and his family were not slaves, although a headright was also claimed
for their slave. The failure to claim headlights for slaves brought into the Province prior
to 1680 suggests that Dina, Francisco and John Price were servants and explains the lack
of records with regard to others. Of course any negroes imported by Lord Baltimore
would not be a basis for a headright, for example if Kemp ultimately sent the ten
requested (See supra text at note 40).

53.       The 1635 Assembly had passed laws disapproved by Lord Baltimore who sought to

concentrate power in his own hands by drafting laws which he submitted to the Assembly
in 1638. That Assembly refused to accept them all, but itself passed some forty-three acts
including many acts important to Lord Baltimore. Governor Calvert signed these bills.
See Land, supra note 13, at 34-5. There is no indication why the bills of the 1639 session

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